BOARD OF TRUSTEES (with dates of assuming office) *Algene Stevens Miles, Jr., Rector (1988) Louisville, Kentucky *John Delane Wilson, President (1983) Lexington, Virginia Guy Thomas Steuart II (1983) Washington, D.C. *James Francis Gallivan (1984) Nashville, Tennessee *Charles Spurgeon Rowe (1984) Fredericksburg, Virginia *Thomas Kennerly Wolfe, Jr. (1984) New York, New York Beverly Means DuBose III (1985) Atlanta, Georgia William Hayne Hipp (1985) Greenville, South Carolina William Buckner Ogilvie, Jr. (1986) Houston, Texas Virginia Rogers Holton (1986) McLean, Virginia William Michael Gottwald (1987) Richmond, Virginia Patricia Webb Leggett (1987) Lynchburg, Virginia Vaughan Inge Morrissette (1987) Mobile, Alabama James William McClintock III (1988) Tunica, Mississippi *William Jacob Lemon (1988) Roanoke, Virginia *Gray Charles Castle (1989) Alexandria, Virginia *Harold FitzGerald Lenfest (1989) Huntingdon Valley, Pennsylvania Maurice Theodore Van Leer (1989) Jersey City, New Jersey Arthur Alexis Birney (1990) Washington, D.C. *Thomas Harris Broadus, Jr. (1990) Baltimore, Maryland *Julius Stephen Marks III (1990) Houston, Texas William Emerson Brock III (1991) Washington, D.C. John Hatchman Mullin III (1991) Brookneal, Virginia Robert Lee Banse (1991) Princeton, New Jersey John Hardin Marion (1991) Baltimore, Maryland William Nelson Clements (1992) Baltimore, Maryland Suzanne Foster Thomas (1992) Alexandria, Virginia Charles DuBose Ausley (1993) Tallahassee, Florida William Penniman Boardman (1993) Columbus, Ohio Rupert Harris Johnson, Jr. (1993) San Mateo, California TRUSTEES EMERITI John Newton Thomas (1939-74), Rector Emeritus Richmond, Virginia Edgar Marshall Nuckols, Jr. (1969-81), Rector Emeritus Weston, Vermont James McMorrow Ballengee (1978-90), Rector Emeritus Philadelphia, Pennsylvania John Minor Wisdom (1957-75) New Orleans, Louisiana Joseph Lamar Lanier (1954-76) West Point, Georgia James Stewart Buxton (1953-77) Lewis Franklin Powell, Jr. (1961-77) Washington, D.C. John Millard Stemmons (1966-77) Dallas, Texas John William Warner (1969-80) Washington, D.C. Thomas Clayborne Frost (1971-82) San Antonio, Texas Isadore Meyer Scott (1971-82) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Thomas Dunaway Anderson (1973-82) Houston, Texas Jonathan Westervelt Warner (1970-83) Tuscaloosa, Alabama Frank Crouch Brooks (1972-83) Baltimore, Maryland Sydney Lewis (1972-83) Richmond, Virginia Harold Gordon Leggett, Jr. (1973-84) Lynchburg, Virginia Thomas Hal Clarke (1975-84) Atlanta, Georgia Edgar Finley Shannon, Jr. (1974-85) Charlottesville, Virginia Calvert Thomas (1975-86) Hartford, Connecticut Christoph Keller, Jr. (1981-86) Alexandria, Louisiana S L Kopald, Jr. (1976-88) Memphis, Tennessee Joseph Sheridan Keelty (1983-88) Baltimore, Maryland Frank Graves Young (1983-88) Fort Worth, Texas Asbury Christian Compton (1978-89) Richmond, Virginia Fred Fox Benton, Jr. (1978-89) Houston, Texas Frances Aaronson Lewis (1984-89) Richmond, Virginia Thomas Broughton Branch III (1978-90) Atlanta, Georgia Jerry Glover South (1979-90) San Francisco, California Ross Randolph Millhiser (1981-90) Rumson, New Jersey Isaac Noyes Smith, Jr. (1980-91) Charleston, West Virginia Richard Duval Haynes (1987-91) Dallas, Texas Houston Harriman Harte (1981-1992) San Antonio, Texas Charles Royce Hough III (1982-1992) Roanoke, Virginia John Thomas Touchton (1982-1992) Tampa, Florida CORPORATION LEGAL TITLE: The Washington and Lee University Farris Pierson Hotchkiss, Secretary ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS (with dates of assuming office) Corporate Officers John D. Wilson, A.M. (Oxon.), Ph.D. 1983 President of the University Farris P. Hotchkiss, B.A. 1986, 1987 Vice President for University Relations and Secretary of the University Lawrence W. Broomall, Jr., Ph.D. 1986 University Treasurer/Chief Financial Officer Academic Administration John W. Elrod, Ph.D. 1984, 1987 Vice President for Academic Affairs and Dean of the College Larry C. Peppers, Ph.D. 1986 Dean of the School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics Randall P. Bezanson, J.D. 1988 Dean of the School of Law Mark H. Grunewald, J.D. 1992 Associate Dean of the School of Law William Lad Sessions, Ph.D. 1992 Associate Dean of the College Kenneth P. Ruscio, Ph.D. 1991 Associate Dean of the School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics M. Susan Palmer, J.D. 1986 Assistant Dean of the School of Law Barbara J. Brown, M.S. 1985 University Librarian Sarah K. Wiant, M.L.S., J.D. 1984 Director, Law Library D. Scott Dittman, A.B. 1985 University Registrar Jeannette A. Jarvis 1982 Assistant University Registrar John E. Stuckey, M.A. 1991 Director of University Computing William W. K. Todd, Jr. 1982 Assistant Director, University Computing and Head of Administrative Computing Ruth W. Floyd, B.S., B.M.Ed. 1981 Assistant Director, University Computing and Head of Academic Computing P. Sue Ruley Olive, B.A. 1985 Microcomputer Coordinator Verable L. McCloud, B.A. 1986 Information Systems Coordinator Earl T. Edwards, Jr., B.S. 1987 Microcomputer/Network Coordinator, School of Commerce Robert B. Williams, B.A. 1989 Microcomputer/Network Coordinator, School of Law Thomas H. Ahnemann, B.S. 1990 Computer Applications/Network Specialist, Sciences Robert P. Fure, Ph.D. 1981 Director of Special Programs Mimi Milner Elrod, Ph.D. 1992 Associate Director, Special Programs Student Affairs Administration David L. Howison, Ed.D. 1990 Dean of Students Anne C. P. Schroer-Lamont, Ph.D. 1985 Associate Dean of Students Anece F. McCloud, M.A. 1985 Associate Dean of Students for Minority and International Student Affairs Leroy Cole Atkins II, B.A. 1986 for Greek Affairs and Student Activities N. Rick Heatley, Ph.D. 1987 Associate Dean of Students and Director of Career Services Dennis G. Manning, M.A. 1991 Dean of Freshmen and Residence Life Beverly T. Lorig, M.Ed. 1992 Associate Director, Career Development and Placement Office Ruth E. Lewis, M.A. 1990 Assistant Director, Career Development and Placement Office James W. Worth, Ed.D. 1972 University Counseling Psychologist Jane T. Horton, M.D. 1987 University Physician and Director of Student Health David L. Copeland, M.D. 1990 University Physician Thomas V. Litzenburg, Ph.D. 1991 Acting Chaplain Michael L. Young, B.G.S. 1991 Director of University Security Stephen T. Tomlinson 1988 Assistant Director of University Security Admissions and Financial Aid William M. Hartog, M.C.S. 1978, 1989 Dean of Admissions and Financial Aid John DeCourcy, M.A.T. 1983 Director of Financial Aid Dan N. Murphy, M.Ed. 1986 Associate Director of Admissions and Coordinator, Alumni Admissions Program Julia M. Kozak, B.A. 1986 Associate Director of Admissions E. McClain Stradtner, B.A. 1986 Assistant Director of Financial Aid Angelia V. Allen, M.A. 1990 Assistant Director of Admissions Nancy L. Hickam, B.A. 1991 Assistant Director of Admissions Robby J. Aliff, B.A. 1991 Admissions Counselor Timothy J. Halloran, B.A. 1991 Admissions Counselor Vickie Rhodenizer 1989 Assistant to the Dean of Admissions Finances and Personnel John E. Cuny, B.B.A. 1987 Assistant Treasurer/Controller Donald G. Holt 1988 Assistant Controller Deborah Caylor, B.S. 1991 Assistant Controller Christine Fritchman Riley, B.S. 1990 Assistant to the Treasurer Frank A. Parsons, B.A. 1989 Coordinator, Capital Planning Robert W. Fox, Jr., B.A. 1988 Director of Personnel Services James M. Johndrow, B.S. 1991 Director of University Services Gerald J. Darrell 1976 Director, University Dining Service Helena W. Roller, B.A. 1983 Manager, University Bookstore Robert C. Peniston, M.A. 1976 Director, Lee Chapel and Insurance Coordinator James L. Arthur 1972 Superintendent of Buildings and Grounds W. Scott Beebe 1982 Assistant Superintendent of Buildings and Grounds, Director of Special Projects Randolph Hare 1991 Assistant Superintendent of Buildings and Grounds Jimmy G. Boyd, A.S. 1990 Assistant Construction Manager and Safety Officer University Relations Alumni James D. Farrar, Jr., B.A. 1990 Director of Alumni Programs and Executive Secretary, Alumni Association Robert W. H. Mish III, M.A. 1990 Assistant Director of Alumni Programs and Assistant Alumni Secretary Alumni Staff Associate Communications Brian D. Shaw, B.A. 1988 Director of Communications Evan A. Atkins, B.A. 1985 Assistant Director of News Office William T. Cocke IV, M.A. 1990 Communications Writer C. Michael Stachura, B.A. 1991 University Editor (through November 1992) Richard W. Anderson, B.A. 1992 University Editor (effective December 1992) Joyce C. Harris 1988 Associate University Editor and Publications Manager Denise M. Kuhn, B.A. 1988 Graphic Artist W. Patrick Hinely, B.A. 1980 University Photographer Brian L. Logue, B.S. 1991 Sports Information Director Development Lex O. McMillan, Ph.D. 1990 Executive Director of Development Vicky G. Agnor 1992 Development Researcher Michael T. Boyd, M.Ed. 1992 Assistant Director of Major Gifts Peter Cronin, B.A. 1991 Director of the Annual Fund Christine L. Davis, B.A. 1990 Campaign Events Coordinator Anne S. Farrar, B.A. 1990 Director of Foundation and Corporate Support and Associate Director of Development Rose C. Gordon, M.A. 1989 Director of Special Events and Guest Services Penelope Henneman, B.A. 1990 Assistant Director of Development for Research Thomas W. Jennings, M.A. 1992 Assistant Director of Major Gifts James M. Jordan, J.D. 1988 Assistant Director of Development (Law) (through December 1992) David R. Long, M.A. 1988 Director of Planned Giving and Associate Director of Development Pamela M. Patton, B.A. 1990 Prospect Researcher William W. Paxton, B.A. 1991 Assistant Director of Major Gifts (through December 1992) Assistant Director of Development (Law) (effective January 1993) Richard B. Sessoms, B.A. 1990 Director of Major Gifts Deborah K. Van Brocklin, B.A. 1992 Information Services Specialist Printing Center Wayne L. Conner 1987 Supervisor, University Printing Center General Administration Thomas V. Litzenburg, Ph.D. 1992 Director, Reeves Center Emeriti James G. Leyburn, Ph.D., LL.D. 1972 Dean of the College, Emeritus William Webb Pusey III, Ph.D., LL.D. 1981 Dean of the College, Emeritus Henry E. Coleman, Jr., A.M., A.M.L.S. 1968 Librarian, Emeritus Maurice D. Leach, Jr., A.B., B.L.S. 1988 Librarian, Emeritus Harold S. Head, A.M. 1985 Registrar, Emeritus James W. Whitehead, B.S. 1992 Secretary of the University, Treasurer, and Director of the Reeves Center, Emeritus FACULTY The date shown in parentheses represents the year in which the faculty member began full-time faculty service at the University. The second date represents the year of appointment to the present professional rank. The following symbols represent leave status: *On leave Fall Term 1992 On leave Winter Term 1993 On leave Spring Term 1993 On leave 1992-93 John D. Wilson, A.M. (Oxon.), Ph.D. (1983)-1983 President of the University A.M., Oxford University Ph.D., Michigan State University PROFESSORS Rupert Nelson Latture, A.M., LL.D. (1920)-1962 Professor of Politics, Emeritus A.M., University of Chicago James Graham Leyburn, Ph.D., LL.D. (1947)-1972 Professor of Sociology, Emeritus Ph.D., Yale University Robert Winter Royston, Ph.D. (1929)-1972 Professor of Mathematics, Emeritus Ph.D., University of Michigan Oscar Wetherhold Riegel, A.M. (1930)-1973 Professor of Journalism and Communications, Emeritus A.M., Columbia University James Joseph Pollard, M.S. (1961)-1974 Professor of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Emeritus M.S., Georgia Institute of Technology William Webb Pusey III, Ph.D., LL.D. (1939)-1981 S. Blount Mason, Jr., Professor of German, Emeritus Ph.D., Columbia University Charles Wilson Turner, Ph.D. (1946)-1982 Professor of History, Emeritus Ph.D., University of Minnesota Charles Wiley Williams, Ph.D. (1948)-1982 Professor of Mathematics, Emeritus Ph.D., University of Virginia William Alexander Jenks, Ph.D. (1946)-1983 William R. Kenan, Jr., Professor of History, Emeritus Ph.D., Columbia University George Francis Drake, Ph.D. (1940)-1984 Professor of Romance Languages, Emeritus Ph.D., University of North Carolina Henry Louis Ravenhorst, B.S., C.A. (1949)-1984 Professor of Engineering, Emeritus B.S., Washington and Lee University Wilfred Julius Ritz, LL.B., LL.M., S.J.D. (1953)-1985 Professor of Law, Emeritus LL.B., University of Richmond LL.M., S.J.D., Harvard University David Worth Sprunt, Th.D. (1953)-1987 Fletcher Otey Thomas Professor of Bible, Emeritus Th.D., Union Theological Seminary Roy Lee Steinheimer, Jr., J.D. (1968)-1987 Robert E. R. Huntley Professor of Law, Emeritus J.D., University of Michigan Robert Stewart, M.M. (1954)-1988 Professor of Music, Emeritus M.M., American Conservatory Norman Franklin Lord, M.S. (1946)-1989 Professor of Physical Education, Emeritus M.S., Springfield College William Buchanan, Ph.D. (1966)-1989 Professor of Politics, Emeritus Ph.D., Princeton University I-Hsiung Ju, M.A. (1969)-1989 Professor of Art and Artist-in-Residence, Emeritus M.A., University of St. Thomas (Manila) Richard Miller, M.Ed. (1952)-1990 Professor of Physical Education, Emeritus M.Ed., Springfield College Henry Eugene King, Ph.D. (1977)-1990 Professor of Psychology, Emeritus Ph.D., Columbia University Carlyle Westbrook Barritt, Ph.D. (1952)-1991 Professor of Romance Languages, Emeritus Ph.D., University of Virginia Jay Deardoff Cook, Jr., Ph.D. (1953)-1991 Mamie Fox Twyman Martel Professor of Accounting, Emeritus Ph.D., Ohio State University Sidney Mathias Baxter Coulling, Ph.D. (1956)-1991 S. Blount Mason, Jr., Professor of English, Emeritus Ph.D., University of North Carolina Milton Colvin, Ph.D. (1961)-1991 Professor of Politics, Emeritus Ph.D., University of Heidelberg (Germany) Henry Sharp, Jr., Ph.D. (1983)-1991 Rupert and Lillian Radford Professor of Mathematics, Emeritus Ph.D., Duke University Edward Charles Atwood, Jr., Ph.D. (1962)-1962 Lewis Whitaker Adams Professor of Economics Ph.D., Princeton University Severn Parker Costin Duvall, Ph.D. (1962)-1962 Henry S. Fox, Jr., Professor of English Ph.D., Princeton University Edgar Winston Spencer, Ph.D. (1957)-1963 Ruth Parmly Professor of Geology Ph.D., Columbia University Edward Buck Hamer, Ph.D. (1954)-1965 Professor of Romance Languages Ph.D., University of North Carolina William Joseph Watt, Ph.D. (1955)-1965 Professor of Chemistry Ph.D., Cornell University Charles Franklin Phillips, Jr., Ph.D. (1959)-1966 Robert G. Brown Professor of Economics Ph.D., Harvard University Harrison Joseph Pemberton, Jr., Ph.D. (1962)-1967 Professor of Philosophy Ph.D., Yale University Louis Wendell Hodges, Ph.D. (1960)-1968 Fletcher Otey Thomas Professor of Bible Ph.D., Duke University Samuel Joseph Kozak, Ph.D. (1961)-1969 Professor of Geology Ph.D., State University of Iowa Cleveland P. Hickman, Jr., Ph.D. (1967)-1969 Professor of Biology Ph.D., University of British Columbia John Frederick DeVogt, Ph.D. (1962)-1970 Professor of Management Ph.D., University of North Carolina Jefferson Davis Futch III, Ph.D. (1962)-1970 Professor of History Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University H. Robert Huntley, Ph.D. (1962)-1970 Professor of English Ph.D., University of Wisconsin Odell S. McGuire, Ph.D. (1962)-1970 Professor of Geology Ph.D., University of Illinois J. Brown Goehring, Ph.D. (1963)-1970 Professor of Chemistry Ph.D., University of North Carolina H. Marshall Jarrett, Ph.D. (1963)-1970 Professor of History Ph.D., Duke University Leonard Everett Jarrard, Ph.D. (1971)-1971 Robert Lee Telford Professor of Psychology Ph.D., Carnegie Institute of Technology William Barlow Newbolt, Ph.D. (1962)-1973 Professor of Physics Ph.D., Vanderbilt University George Stephen Whitney, Ph.D. (1962)-1973 Professor of Chemistry Ph.D., Northwestern University Delos Dyson Hughes, Ph.D. (1963)-1973 Professor of Politics Ph.D., University of North Carolina Stanley Todd Lowry, LL.B., Ph.D. (1959)-1974 Professor of Economics and Management LL.B., University of Texas Ph.D., Louisiana State University John Maurice Evans, Ph.D. (1964)-1974 Professor of English Ph.D., Yale University George Washington Ray III, Ph.D. (1964)-1974 Professor of English Ph.D., University of Rochester *Walker Dabney Stuart III, A.M. (1965)-1974 S. Blount Mason, Jr., Professor of English A.M., Harvard University John Crawford Winfrey, Ph.D. (1965)-1974 Professor of Economics Ph.D., Duke University Lewis Henry LaRue, LL.B. (1967)-1974 Class of 1958 Alumni Professor of Law LL.B., Harvard University Andrew Wolfe McThenia, M.A., LL.B. (1967)-1974 Professor of Law M.A., Columbia University LL.B., Washington and Lee University Albert Claude Gordon, Ph.D. (1974)-1974 Professor of Theatre Ph.D., Tulane University Herman Ward Taylor, Jr., Ph.D. (1962)-1975 Professor of Ancient Languages Ph.D., University of North Carolina Robert Stanley Johnson, Ph.D. (1965)-1975 Cincinnati Professor of Mathematics Ph.D., University of North Carolina Robert Willard McAhren, Ph.D. (1966)-1975 Professor of History Ph.D., University of Texas Thomas Gordon Nye II, Ph.D. (1966)-1975 Professor of Biology Ph.D., University of Kentucky Joseph B. Thompson, Ph.D. (1966)-1975 Professor of Psychology Ph.D., University of Wisconsin *Sidney James Williams, Ph.D. (1966)-1975 Professor of Romance Languages Ph.D., University of North Carolina David Gordon Elmes, Ph.D. (1967)-1975 Professor of Psychology Ph.D., University of Virginia Frederic Lyon Schwab, Ph.D. (1967)-1975 Professor of Geology Ph.D., Harvard University Joseph Edward Ulrich, LL.B. (1968)-1975 Professor of Law LL.B., Washington and Lee University Ronald Hebert MacDonald, B.S. (1969)-1975 Professor of Journalism and Mass Communications B.S., Boston University Roger Douglas Groot, J.D. (1973)-1977 Class of 1975 Alumni Professor of Law J.D., University of North Carolina Frederic Lee Kirgis, Jr., J.D. (1978)-1978 Law School Association Alumni Professor of Law J.D., University of California at Berkeley James Joseph Donaghy, Ph.D. (1967)-1979 Professor of Physics Ph.D., University of North Carolina Joseph Ramsey Martin, Ph.D. (1968)-1979 Professor of Philosophy Ph.D., University of Virginia John Kelley Jennings, Ph.D. (1973)-1979 Professor of Journalism and Mass Communications Ph.D., Stanford University Henry Powell Porter, Jr., Ph.D. (1970)-1980 Professor of History Ph.D., Duke University Joseph Goldsten, Ph.D. (1972)-1980 Mamie Fox Twyman Martel Professor of Management Ph.D., Ohio State University Lawrence Michael Lamont, Ph.D. (1974)-1980 Professor of Management Ph.D., University of Michigan Bruce H. Herrick, Ph.D. (1980)-1980 John F. Hendon Professor of Economics Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology J. Timothy Philipps, J.D., LL.M. (1980)-1981 Professor of Law J.D., Georgetown University Law Center LL.M., Harvard Law School Michael A. Pleva, Ph.D. (1969)-1981 Professor of Chemistry Ph.D., University of New Hampshire Irwin Taylor Sanders II, Ph.D. (1969)-1981 Professor of History Ph.D., University of Virginia Lamar John Ryan Cecil, Jr., Ph.D. (1982)-1982 William R. Kenan, Jr., Professor of History Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University Lewis George John, Ph.D. (1963)-1982 Professor of Politics Ph.D., Syracuse University Harold Clinton Hill, Ph.D. (1970)-1983 Professor of East Asian Languages Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University Edwin David Craun, Ph.D. (1971)-1983 Professor of English Ph.D., Princeton University William Lad Sessions, Ph.D. (1971)-1983 Professor of Philosophy Ph.D., Yale University James Michael Phemister, J.D. (1974)-1983 Professor of Law J.D., Northwestern University Thomas O. Vinson, Jr., Ph.D. (1967)-1984 Professor of Mathematics Ph.D., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Halford Ross Ryan, Ph.D. (1970)-1984 Professor of English and Speech Ph.D., University of Illinois Harry Thomas Williams, Ph.D. (1974)-1984 Professor of Physics Ph.D., University of Virginia John W. Elrod, Ph.D. (1984)-1984 Professor of Philosophy Ph.D., Columbia University Theodore J. Sjoerdsma, Ph.D. (1984)-1984 Professor of Computer Science Ph.D., University of Iowa David Bruce Dickens, Ph.D. (1960)-1985 Professor of German Ph.D., Princeton University John Milton McDaniel III, Ph.D. (1972)-1985 Professor of Anthropology Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania Pamela Hemenway Simpson, Ph.D. (1973)-1985 Professor of Art Ph.D., University of Delaware Barbara J. Brown, M.S. (1985)-1985 Professor M.S., Columbia University Owen Kendall White, Jr., Ph.D. (1969)-1986 Professor of Sociology Ph.D., Vanderbilt University Roger Bailey Jeans, Jr., Ph.D. (1974)-1986 Professor of History Ph.D., George Washington University *Hampden Harrison Smith III, M.A. (1974)-1986 Professor of Journalism M.A., Boston University Mark Howard Grunewald, J.D. (1976)-1986 Professor of Law J.D., George Washington University Denis Joly Brion, J.D. (1978)-1986 Professor of Law J.D., University of Virginia Larry C. Peppers, Ph.D. (1986)-1986 Professor of Economics Ph.D., Vanderbilt University John Holt Merchant, Jr., Ph.D. (1970)-1987 Professor of History Ph.D., University of Virginia Gordon Philip Spice, Ph.D. (1973)-1987 Professor of Music Ph.D., University of North Carolina Philip Lee Cline, Ph.D. (1975)-1987 Professor of Management and Economics Ph.D., Oklahoma State University Ronald Lane Reese, Ph.D. (1979)-1987 Professor of Physics Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University *Craig McCaughrin, Ph.D. (1981)-1987 Professor of Politics Ph.D., University of Minnesota Thomas P. Whaley, Ph.D. (1987)-1987 Professor of Computer Science Ph.D., Vanderbilt University *Charles Thomas Boggs, Ph.D. (1970)-1988 Professor of Philosophy Ph.D., University of Texas Barry Francis Machado, Ph.D. (1971)-1988 Professor of History Ph.D., Northwestern University David Robert Novack, Ph.D. (1976)-1988 Professor of Sociology Ph.D., New York University Randall P. Bezanson, J.D. (1988)-1988 Professor of Law J.D., University of Iowa Doug M. Rendleman, M.A., J.D., LL.M. (1988)-1988 Robert E. R. Huntley Professor of Law M.A., J.D., University of Iowa LL.M., University of Michigan John Robert Handelman, Ph.D. (1973)-1989 Professor of Politics Ph.D., Syracuse University Harlan Ray Beckley, Ph.D. (1974)-1989 Professor of Religion Ph.D., Vanderbilt University Thomas Joseph Ziegler, M.A. (1976)-1989 Professor of Theatre M.A., Northern Illinois University Robert Joseph de Maria, M.S. (1977)-1989 Professor of Journalism and Mass Communications M.S., Syracuse University John Jay Wielgus, Ph.D. (1977)-1989 Professor of Biology Ph.D., Northwestern University William S. Geimer, J.D. (1980)-1989 Professor of Law J.D., University of North Carolina Michael F. Walsh, B.B.A. (1989)-1989 Professor of Physical Education B.B.A., University of Massachusetts Brian Cameron Murchison, J.D. (1982)-1990 Professor of Law and Director, Frances Lewis Law Center J.D., Yale University Robert E. Akins, Ph.D. (1984)-1990 Professor of Physics and Engineering Ph.D., Colorado State University J. Kevin Green, Ph.D. (1984)-1990 Professor of Accounting Ph.D., University of Virginia Professor of Accounting and Adjunct Professor of Law D.B.A., George Washington University Allen Paul Ides, M.A., J.D. (1989)-1990 Professor of Law M.A., J.D., Loyola University of Los Angeles Professor of Romance Languages Ph.D., University of North Carolina Samuel W. Calhoun, J.D. (1978)-1991 Professor of Law J.D., University of Kentucky Carl Paul Kaiser, Ph.D. (1979)-1991 Professor of Economics Ph.D., Washington University Roger A. Dean, Ph.D. (1984)-1991 Professor of Management Ph.D., Michigan State University Roger A. Crockett, Ph.D. (1991)-1991 Professor of German Ph.D., University of Illinois Edwin M. Yoder, Jr., M.A. (Oxon.) (1991)-1991 Professor of Journalism and Humanities M.A., Oxford University Laurent Boetsch, D.M.L. (1976)-1992 Professor of Romance Languages D.M.L., Middlebury College Steven H. Hobbs, J.D. (1981)-1992 J.D., University of Pennsylvania Larry M. Stene, M.F.A. (1982)-1992 Professor of Art M.F.A., University of Illinois Lyman P. Q. Johnson, J.D. (1985)-1992 Professor of Law J.D., University of Minnesota Robert A. Strong, Ph.D. (1989)-1992 William Lyne Wilson Professor of Politics Ph.D., University of Virginia Scott E. Sundby, J.D. (1990)-1992 Professor of Law J.D., Cornell University Winston B. Davis, B.D., Ph.D. (1992)-1992 Jessie Ball duPont Professor of Religion B.D., Colgate Rochester Divinity School Ph.D., University of Chicago Heather R. Miller, M.F.A. (1992)-1992 Professor of English M.F.A., University of North Carolina at Greensboro Franklin M. Schultz, LL.B. (1990)-1990 Visiting Professor of Law LL.B., Yale University Robin M. Collin, J.D. (1991)-1991 Visiting Professor of Law J.D., Arizona State University Neill H. Alford, Jr., LL.B., S.J.D. (1992)-1992 Visiting Professor of Law LL.B., University of Virginia S.J.D., Yale University Betty R. Kondayan, M.A., M.A. (1992)-1992 Visiting Professor M.A., University of Illinois M.A., University of Wisconsin Bernhard Schloh (1992)-1992 Visiting Professor of Law University of Hamburg College of Europe The Hague Academy of International Law Shen Shiao-ming, M.C.L., LL.M., S.J.D. (1992)-1992 Visiting Professor of Law M.C.L., Southern Methodist University LL.M., Harvard Law School S.J.D., University of California at Berkley Joseph M. Perillo, LL.B. (1992)-1992 Frances Lewis Scholar in Residence LL.B., Cornell University ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS Arthur Bernard Scharff, Ph.D. (1967)-1974 Associate Professor of Romance Languages, Emeritus Ph.D., Ohio State University John McKenzie Gunn, M.A. (1957)-1967 Associate Professor of Economics M.A., Princeton University Joseph Francis Lyles, M.S. (1959)-1968 Associate Professor of Physical Education M.S., Springfield College Emmett Graham Leslie, Jr., A.B. (1960)-1969 Associate Professor of Physical Education A.B., Washington and Lee University Verne D. Canfield, M.A. (1964)-1969 Associate Professor of Physical Education M.A., George Washington University Gary Robert Fallon, M.A. (1978)-1978 Associate Professor of Physical Education M.A., Syracuse University Robert Billington Youngblood, M.A. (1965)-1978 Associate Professor of German M.A., San Francisco State College Norris Templeton Aldridge, M.Ed. (1969)-1981 Associate Professor of Physical Education M.Ed., University of Virginia Thomas Henry Jones, M.Ed. (1970)-1981 Associate Professor of Physical Education M.Ed., University of Virginia Gary Ray Franke, M.S. (1973)-1984 Associate Professor of Physical Education M.S., Mankato State College George Chester OConnell, M.Ed. (1973)-1984 Associate Professor of Physical Education M.Ed., Towson State College Nancy Adele Margand, Ph.D. (1975)-1984 Associate Professor of Psychology Ph.D., University of Virginia Sarah Kirsten Wiant, M.L.S., J.D. (1978)-1984 Associate Professor of Law M.L.S., North Texas State University J.D., Washington and Lee University Russell Clarence Knudson, M.A. (1966)-1985 Associate Professor of Romance Languages M.A., University of Illinois *Joseph Martinez, Dip. R.A.D.A. (1983)-1985 Associate Professor of Theatre Dip. R.A.D.A., Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts John Stockton Knox, Ph.D. (1976)-1986 Associate Professor of Biology Ph.D., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Richard F. Grefe, M.S.L.S. (1980)-1986 Associate Professor of Library Science M.S.L.S., University of South Carolina *Edward O. Henneman, J.D. (1978)-1987 Associate Professor of Law J.D., Harvard University Wayne M. Dymacek, Ph.D. (1981)-1987 Associate Professor of Mathematics Ph.D., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University John David Parker, Ph.D. (1982)-1988 Associate Professor of History Ph.D., University of Washington Richard G. Marks, Ph.D. (1984)-1988 Associate Professor of Religion Ph.D., University of California at Los Angeles Kathy Jo Koberstein, Ph.D. (1984)-1988 Associate Professor of Romance Languages Ph.D., University of Wisconsin Joan M. Shaughnessy, J.D. (1983)-1989 Associate Professor of Law J.D., University of Chicago Mario Pellicciaro, A.B. (1966)-1990 Associate Professor of Ancient Languages A.B., City College of New York Timothy Gaylard, Ph.D. (1984)-1990 Associate Professor of Music Ph.D., Columbia University James Perrin Warren, Ph.D. (1984)-1990 Associate Professor of English Ph.D., Yale University William F. Connelly, Jr., Ph.D. (1986)-1990 Associate Professor of Politics Ph.D., University of Virginia David K. Millon, M.A., M.A., Ph.D., J.D. (1986)-1990 Associate Professor of Law M.A., Ohio State University M.A., Ph.D., Cornell University J.D., Harvard University Cecile West-Settle, Ph.D. (1987)-1990 Associate Professor of Romance Languages Ph.D., Emory University *Judith A. McMorrow, J.D. (1988)-1990 Associate Professor of Law J.D., University of Notre Dame Arthur H. Goldsmith, Ph.D. (1990)-1990 Associate Professor of Economics Ph.D., University of Illinois Gwyn E. Campbell, Ph.D. (1985)-1991 Associate Professor of Romance Languages Ph.D., Princeton University *Kenneth A. Lambert, Ph.D. (1985)-1991 Associate Professor of Computer Science Ph.D., Rutgers University John A. Lambeth, Ph.D. (1985)-1991 Associate Professor of Romance Languages Ph.D., University of Florida Cinda Rankin, M.A. (1985)-1991 Associate Professor of Physical Education M.A., Humboldt State University *Gwen Thayer Handelman, J.D. (1986)-1991 Associate Professor of Law J.D., University of Michigan Michael J. Smitka, Ph.D. (1986)-1991 Associate Professor of Economics Ph.D., Yale University Kenneth Van Ness, Ph.D. (1986)-1991 Associate Professor of Physics and Engineering Ph.D., Rutgers University Kathleen Olson-Janjic, M.F.A. (1987)-1991 Associate Professor of Fine Arts M.F.A., Yale University Tyler S. Lorig, Ph.D. (1988)-1991 Associate Professor of Psychology Ph.D., University of Georgia Steven G. Desjardins, Ph.D. (1986)-1992 Associate Professor of Chemistry Ph.D., Brown University Ann Tutwiler Rogers, M.A. (1986)-1992 Associate Professor of East Asian Languages M.A., University of Virginia Margaret Lee Brouwer, D.M. (1988)-1992 Associate Professor of Music D.M., Indiana University Paul S. Bourdon, Ph.D. (1988)-1992 Associate Professor of Mathematics Ph.D., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Barry H. Kolman, D.A. (1988)-1992 Associate Professor of Music D.A., University of Northern Colorado David A. Badertscher, M.Ln. (1989)-1992 Associate Professor M.Ln., Emory University J. William King, Ph.D. (1989)-1992 Associate Professor of Accounting Ph.D., Florida State University M. Kipling Pirkle, Ph.D. (1989)-1992 Associate Professor of Management Ph.D., Clemson University Krzystof Jasiewicz, Ph.D. (1991)-1991 Visiting Associate Professor of Sociology Ph.D., Polish Academy of Sciences Elizabeth P. Marsh, J.D. (1992)-1992 Visiting Associate Professor of Law J.D., New York University ASSISTANT PROFESSORS Allan Page Remillard, B.S. (1979)-1979 Assistant Professor of Physical Education B.S., California Polytechnic Institute Rolf G. Piranian, B.A. (1978)-1982 Assistant Professor of Physical Education B.A., Washington and Lee University Lisa T. Alty, Ph.D. (1987)-1987 Assistant Professor of Chemistry Ph.D., Virginia Commonwealth University Kenneth P. Ruscio, Ph.D. (1987)-1987 Assistant Professor of Politics Ph.D., Syracuse University Richard M. Bidlack, Ph.D. (1987)-1987 Assistant Professor of History Ph.D., University of Indiana Janine M. Hathorn, M.A. (1987)-1987 Assistant Professor of Physical Education M.A., Ohio State University Ann M. Massie, M.A., J.D. (1985)-1988 Assistant Professor M.A., University of Michigan J.D., University of Virginia M. Jeffries Stickley, M.Ed. (1986)-1989 Assistant Professor of Physical Education M.Ed., James Madison University Demaree C. Peck, Ph.D. (1988)-1989 Assistant Professor of English Ph.D., University of Virginia Roberta H. Senechal, Ph.D. (1988)-1989 Assistant Professor of History Ph.D., University of Virginia David S. Caudill, J.D., Ph.D. (1989)-1989 Assistant Professor of Law J.D., University of Houston Law Center Ph.D., Vrije Universiteit te Amsterdam, The Netherlands Zhanna Dolgopolova, Ph.D. (1989)-1989 Assistant Professor of Russian Ph.D., University of Melbourne Timothy Murdoch, Ph.D. (1989)-1989 Assistant Professor of Mathematics Ph.D., Rice University Joan H. OMara, Ph.D. (1989)-1989 Assistant Professor of Art Ph.D., University of Michigan Darcy L. Russell, Ph.D. (1989)-1989 Assistant Professor of Biology Ph.D., Kansas State University Maryanne C. Simurda, Ph.D. (1989)-1989 Assistant Professor of Biology Ph.D., SUNY at Buffalo Kenichi Ujie, M.A. (1989)-1989 Assistant Professor of East Asian Languages M.A., International Christian University Allan W. Vestal, J.D. (1989)-1989 Assistant Professor of Law J.D., Yale University James V. Stagnitta, B.A. (1989)-1989 Assistant Professor of Physical Education B.A., University of Pennsylvania Alexandra R. Brown, Ph.D. (1987)-1990 Assistant Professor of Religion Ph.D., Columbia University Jeffrey C. Barnett, Ph.D. (1989)-1990 Assistant Professor of Romance Languages Ph.D., University of Kentucky Michael A. Anderson, Ph.D. (1990)-1990 Assistant Professor of Economics Ph.D., University of Wisconsin J. Gavin Colliton, M.Ed. (1990)-1990 Assistant Professor of Physical Education M.Ed., Salisbury State College Valerie L. Hedquist, Ph.D. (1990)-1990 Assistant Professor of Art Ph.D., University of Kansas Frank S. Miriello, B.S. (1990)-1990 Assistant Professor of Physical Education B.S., East Stroudsburg University Brian E. Richardson, Ph.D. (1990)-1990 Assistant Professor of Journalism and Mass Communications Ph.D., University of Florida Mark E. Rush, Ph.D. (1990)-1990 Assistant Professor of Politics Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University Paul D. Scofield, Ph.D. (1990)-1990 Assistant Professor of Mathematics Ph.D., University of Illinois Yolanda D. M. Warren, M.A., M.L.S. (1990)-1990 Assistant Professor M.A., Kijksuniversiteit te Utrecht, The Netherlands M.L.S., Southern Connecticut State College David A. Wirth, M.A., J.D. (1990)-1990 Assistant Professor of Law M.A., Harvard University J.D., Yale University Jarvis A. Hall, M.A. (1989)-1991 Assistant Professor of Politics M.A., University of Michigan John A. Tucker, M.S. (1989)-1991 Assistant Professor of Physical Education M.S., James Madison University Alison Kitch, M.Ed., J.D. (1990)-1991 Assistant Professor of Law M.Ed., Boston University J.D., University of Virginia Richard T. Cerone, M.A. (1991)-1991 Assistant Professor of Physical Education M.A., Tulane University Louise A. Halper, J.D., LL.M. (1991)-1991 Assistant Professor of Law J.D., Rutgers University LL.M., New York University Elizabeth G. Oliver, Ph.D. (1991)-1991 Assistant Professor of Accounting Ph.D., Texas A&M. University Kary D. Smout, Ph.D. (1991)-1991 Assistant Professor of English Ph.D., Duke University Kristin L. Jacobs, M.A. (1991)-1991 Assistant Professor of Physical Education M.A., Western Illinois University Bill Oliver, Ph.D. (1991)-1992 Assistant Professor of English Ph.D., University of Virginia Thomas P. Urbach, Ph.D. (1991)-1992 Assistant Professor of Philosophy Ph.D., The Johns Hopkins University Hugh A. Blackmer, M.L.S., Ph.D. (1992)-1992 Assistant Professor M.L.S., Simmons College Graduate School Ph.D., Stanford University Agnes L. Carbrey, M.F.A. (1992)-1992 Assistant Professor of Art M.F.A., Parsons School of Design Jonathan K. Filer, Ph.D. (1992)-1992 Assistant Professor of Geology Ph.D., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill David W. Jorgensen, Ph.D. (1992)-1992 Assistant Professor of Geology Ph.D., Colorado State University Domnica J. Radulescu, Ph.D. (1992)-1992 Assistant Professor of Romance Languages Ph.D., University of Chicago Douglas C. Szajda, Ph.D. (1992)-1992 Assistant Professor of Mathematics Ph.D., University of Virginia C. Vaughan Stanley, M.A., M.A. (1993)-1993 Assistant Professor M.A., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University M.A., University of Chicago INSTRUCTORS Marshall Kirkland Follo, M.A. 1981 Instructor in German M.A., Northwestern University Greta McCaughrin, M.A. 1984 Instructor in Russian M.A., Wayne State University Christopher A. Camuto, M.A. 1987 Instructor in English M.A., University of Virginia Theodore C. DeLaney, M.A. 1991 Instructor, ABD Fellow in History M.A., William and Mary College John F. Lynch, M.A. 1991 Instructor in English M.A., University of Virginia Florinda Ruiz, M.A. 1991 Instructor in Classics M.A., Johns Hopkins University Malcolm L. Crystal, M.A. 1992 Instructor in History M.A., University of Virginia Evan Bridenstine, M.A., M.F.A. 1992 Visiting Artist in Theatre M.A., Kent State University M.F.A., University of Virginia LECTURERS William W. Sweeney, LL.B. Adjunct Professor of Law LL.B., University of Virginia Henry L. Woodward, LL.B. Adjunct Professor of Law LL.B., Yale University Rudolph Bumgardner III, LL.B. Adjunct Professor of Law LL.B., Washington and Lee University Robert C. Wood III, LL.B. Adjunct Professor of Law LL.B., University of Virginia Paul R. Thomson, Jr., J.D. Adjunct Professor of Law J.D., Washington and Lee University Lawrence H. Hoover, Jr., J.D. Adjunct Professor of Law J.D., University of Virginia J. Stephen Lawrence, Jr., J.D. Adjunct Professor of Law J.D., University of Chicago Paul Richard Kuettner, M.A. Lecturer in Romance Languages M.A., Middlebury College Mary Zanolli Natkin, J.D. Adjunct Professor of Law J.D., Washington and Lee University Courtney A. Birch, M.A. Lecturer in Music M.A., University of Virginia Cynthia S. Penne, M.M. Lecturer in Music M.M., Eastman School of Music Carroll S. Wainwright, LL.B. Adjunct Professor of Law LL.B., Harvard University Shuko Watanabe, M.M. Lecturer in Music M.M., Peabody Conservatory of Music of Johns Hopkins University Catharine P. Gaylard, B.A. Lecturer in Music B.A., Smith College LIBRARIES THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Henry Edmunds Coleman, Jr., A.M., A.M.L.S. Librarian, Emeritus Maurice Leach, A.B., B.L.S. Librarian, Emeritus David A. Badertscher, B.A., M.L.S. Head of Technical Services and Associate Professor Hugh A. Blackmer, B.A., Ph.D., M.L.S. Reference Librarian and Assistant Professor Carol Blair, B.A. Library Assistant Technical Services Betsy Brittigan Library Assistant Reference and Public Services Mary Lyn Brittigan, B.A. Library Assistant Technical Services Barbara J. Brown, B.S., M.S. University Librarian and Professor C. E. (Flash) Floyd, B.A. Director of Media Center Terry Forquer, A.S. Library Assistant Technical Services Richard F. Grefe, B.A., M.L.S. Senior Reference Librarian and Associate Professor Helene Harrison, B.A. Library Assistant Technical Services Annette John, B.A., M.S.L.S. Acquisitions Librarian Jimmie Leach Library Assistant Secretary Della Mayo Night Circulation Desk Attendant Lisa McCown, A.S. Library Assistant Special Collections Elaine Mears, B.A. Cataloging Supervisor Dorothy Mohler Library Assistant Technical Services Anthony Murray, B.A. Library Assistant Technical Services C. Vaughan Stanley, B.A., M.A., M.A. Special Collections/Reference Librarian and Assistant Professor Yolanda Warren, B.A., M.L.S. Reference Librarian and Assistant Professor Jo Ann Wilson, B.A. Circulation Supervisor LAW LIBRARY John P. Bissett, B.A., M.S.L.S. Cataloging Librarian Mary Claudia Coffey, B.S. Documents Technician Daniel C. Coffey, B.A., B.S. Bookstore Manager/Mail Clerk John P. Doyle, M.L.S., LL.B. Associate Law Librarian Elizabeth W. Drawbond, A.S. Law Librarians Secretary Jean M. Eisenhauer, B.A., M.A.L.S. Acquisitions Librarian Kitty H. Falls Processing Technician John N. Jacob, B.A., M.L.S. Archivist/Librarian Elizabeth H. Gaines, B.A. Circulation Assistant Nancy S. Leech Administrative Assistant Linda S. Newell Reader Services Technician Beverly J. Shotwell Acquisitions Technician Loretta W. Persinger Cataloging Technician Judith Stinson, B.A., M.S.L.S. Documents and Reference Librarian Sarah K. Wiant, B.A., M.L.S., J.D. Director of the Law Library and Associate Professor of Law Thomas A. Williams, B.A., M.S.L.S. Director of the Media Center and Reference Librarian ATHLETICS AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION Norris T. Aldridge, M.Ed. Coach of Mens Track Assistant Coach of Football Verne D. Canfield, M.A. Coach of Basketball Intramural Director Richard T. Cerone, M.A. Assistant Coach of Football J. Gavin Colliton, M.Ed. Assistant Coach of Football Assistant Coach of Men's Tennis Susan H. Dittman, M.R.E. Coach of Volleyball Gary R. Fallon, M.S. Coach of Football Gary R. Franke, M.S. Coach of Wrestling Janine M. Hathorn, M.A. Coach of Womens Soccer Coach of Womens Lacrosse Kristin L. Jacobs, B.A. Coach of Women's Swimming Assistant Coach of Women's Track Thomas H. Jones, M.Ed., R.P.T., A.T.C. Trainer Emmett G. Leslie, Jr., B.A. Coach of Golf Joseph F. Lyles, M.S. Club Sports Coordinator Frank A. Miriello, B.S. Assistant Coach of Football Assistant Coach of Men's Lacrosse George C. OConnell, Jr., M.Ed. Assistant Director of Athletics Director of Physical Education James M. Phemister, J.D. Coach of Womens Cross Country Rolf G. Piranian, B.A. Coach of Mens Soccer Assistant Coach of Wrestling Cinda L. Rankin, M.A. Assistant Director of Athletics Coach of Womens Tennis A. Page Remillard, M.Ed. Coach of Men's Swimming Coach of Water Polo Aquatics Director James V. Stagnitta, B.A. Coach of Mens Lacrosse M. Jeffries Stickley, M.Ed. Coach of Baseball Assistant Coach of Football John N. Tucker, M.S. Coach of Mens Cross Country Coach of Womens Track Michael F. Walsh, B.B.A. Head of the Department of Physical Education and Athletics DORMITORY COUNSELORS AND RESIDENT ASSISTANTS 1992-93 Head Counselor Philip Spears Assistant Head Counselors Amy Adamson Bill Avoli Heather Cook Caroline Dawson Counselors Heather Aussiker Justin Bakule Bryan Brading Jeffrey Brooks Brett Cohrs Lolita Crabbe Ellen Dean Sarah Drain Spencer Golladay Julie Guerin Leslie Hess Curtis Joseph Thomas Mason Reid Murphy Brandon Neblett Kirk Ogden Benjamin Plummer Stephanie Sauers John Schindler Joel Shinofield Pearce Smithwick Derick Thomson Laura Voekel Tersa Williams Andrew Woodring Elizabeth Zarek Alternates Jonathan Gilliland Kimberly Herring Bethany Smith Head Resident Assistant Elizabeth Currall Resident Assistants Michael Burgin Jamie Hardman Cynthia Kowalyk Heather Rhodes Mai Spurlock Erin Walsh Robert Wilson Susan Wootton Alternates Patricia Harris Anne Marie Shaw FACULTY COMMITTEES 1992-93 The first person named under each committee serves as the chairman; all inquiries relating to committee business should be addressed to the chairman. Committees created by the Board of Trustees: Advisory Deans Elrod, Bezanson, Peppers; Professors Beckley, Boetsch, Herrick, Jarrard, Margand, Spencer. Honorary Degrees Dean Elrod, Advisory Committee Members, Mr. Miles, Rector. Faculty Committees: Advanced Placement Professors Van Ness, Dymacek, Evans, Knudson, Sanders. Automatic Rule and Readmissions Deans Sessions, Elrod, Howison, Manning, Peppers, Ruscio; Professors Kaiser, Schwab. Courses and Degrees Deans Elrod, Peppers; Professors A. Brown, Connelly, Evans, Goehring, Gordon, Taylor; Registrar Dittman as secretary; two students appointed by EC. Executive Committee Deans Peppers, Bezanson, Elrod, Howison; Professors Bidlack, Goldsmith, Hedquist, Lorig, Novack, Olson-Janjic; Registrar Dittman as secretary; two students appointed by EC. Foreign Study Professors S. J. Williams, Crockett, Herrick, Lambeth, Marks, Ujie, Wheeler; Registrar Dittman as secretary. Student Affairs Deans Howison, Atkins; Professors Akins, A. Brown, Cline, Rankin; five students, ex officio, by virtue of student office held. Student-Faculty Hearing Board Professors West-Settle, Murchison, Simpson, Watt; four students appointed by EC. University Lectures Professor Boggs; Deans Bezanson, Elrod, Howison, Peppers, Ruscio; Professors Hamer, Lambeth, McThenia, Murchison, Reese, Spice. Writing Program Advisory Committee Professors Huntley, B. Brown, Herrick, Kozak, Simpson, Smout, West-Settle, Yoder; Deans Ruscio, Sessions. Administrative Committees: Academic Computing Advisory Mr. Stuckey, Professors Akins, Badertscher, Grunewald, Kaiser, Knudson, Sjoerdsma, Whaley. Administrative Systems Advisory Committee Mr. Cuny; J. Farrar, J. Kozak, Jacob, B. Lorig, P. Henneman, Stradtner; Registrar Dittman. Alumni Dean Ruscio; Farrar, Hotchkiss, Parsons, Sessoms; Professors Cecil, McDaniel, Richardson, Sanders, Spencer. Cincinnati Awards Professors McAhren, Machado, Merchant. Faculty and Staff Fringe Benefits Professors Goldsten, Elmes, Green, G. Handelman; Professor Emeritus Buchanan; Deans Bezanson, Elrod, Peppers; Arthur, Broomall, Fox, Persinger. Freshman Admissions Deans Hartog, Howison, Manning, McCloud; Professors Gaylard, Goldsmith, Hathorn, Kaiser, Lambeth, Pirkle, Reese, Senechal, Smith; DeCourcy, student representatives appointed by EC. Institutional Human Subjects Research Committee Professors Nye, Margand, Sessions; M. Elrod; one community representative. Military Affairs Dean Peppers; Professors Hodges, Phillips, Walsh. Oxford Exchange Professors Jarrard, Boetsch, Lambeth, Reese, Stuart, White. Public Functions Professors Newbolt, Grefe, King, Koberstein, Lambert, Margand, Marks, Ryan, Stene; Arthur. Radiation Safety Professors Wielgus, Donaghy, Goehring; one student; Boyd. Registration and Class Schedules Registrar Dittman; Dean Sessions; Professors Bourdon, Knudson, McDaniel, Pleva, Walsh, Winfrey; two students appointed by EC. Student Financial Aid Mr. DeCourcy; Deans Hartog, Howison, McCloud, Ruscio; Professors Cline, Fralin, Hickman, Nye; Broomall, J. Kozak, Murphy; two students appointed by EC. Student Health Deans Howison, Schroer-Lamont; Professors Campbell, Jeans, West-Settle; three students appointed by EC. Teacher Education Deans Sessions, Elrod, Howison, Peppers. Transfer Admissions Deans Hartog, Elrod, Peppers, Sessions. University Athletic Professor Ray; Dean Howison; Professors Crockett, Kaiser, Machado, Millon, Walsh, Winfrey; two alumni selected by Alumni Association; three students appointed by EC. University Library Professors White, B. Brown, Gaylard, J. Handelman, C. McCaughrin, McThenia, Merchant, Peck, Russell, S. J. Williams; three students appointed by EC. University Scholars Advisory Professors Evans, Cline, Desjardins, Warren. Special Appointments: University Marshal Barlow Newbolt, Physics/Engineering. Faculty Adviser to Pre-Engineering Students Robert E. Akins, Engineering. Faculty Adviser to Pre-Law Students Lewis G. John, Politics. Faculty Advisers to Pre-Medical Students William J. Watt, Co-ordinator of Pre-Medical Studies; Thomas G. Nye, Biology; Cleveland Hickman, Biology; Michael Pleva, Chemistry; Ronald L. Reese, Physics. Faculty Advisers to Pre-Ministerial Students Louis W. Hodges, Religion; Harlan Beckley, Religion. Faculty Adviser to Prospective Teachers William Lad Sessions, Associate Dean of the College. Faculty Adviser to Students Interested in Social Work O. Kendall White, Sociology/Anthropology. Foreign Study Adviser Kirk Follo, German. Consortium EXCHANGE Officer Scott Dittman, University Registrar. ENDOWED DIRECTORSHIPS Endowed directorships recognize major benefactions to the University in support of distinguished programs according to standards set by the Board of Trustees. These named chairs honor the donor or donors who make them possible or others designated by them, and enable the University to benefit from the expertise of persons uniquely qualified to enhance the programs under their direction. The Reeves Center Directorship The Reeves Center Directorship was established in 1986 by Floyd D. Gottwald, Jr., in honor of his wife, Elisabeth Shelton Gottwald, whose interest in the establishment of the Reeves Center for the Research and Exhibition of Porcelain and Paintings was one of the motivating influences in the foundation of the Center. The Board named James W. Whitehead as the first Reeves Center Director. ENDOWED PROFESSORSHIPS Endowed professorships recognize major benefactions to the University in support of its academic program, according to standards set by the Board of Trustees. These named chairs honor the donor or donors, or persons designated by them, and they enable the University to recognize distinguished faculty members for their high academic attainments and accomplishments in the field of teaching. The Lewis Whitaker Adams Professorship in Commerce: The Lewis Whitaker Adams Professorship in Commerce was established in 1981 by Lizinka M. and F. Fox Benton, Jr., 60, in honor and memory of Dr. Adams, former Dean of the School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics. Edward C. Atwood is the current Lewis Whitaker Adams Professor of Economics. The Robert G. Brown Professorship: The Robert G. Brown Professorship was established in 1979 in the School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics by Robert G. Brown, Class of 1949. The professorship honors the 40-year teaching career of the late Lewis K. Johnson, Professor of Administration, Emeritus, and was established on the occasion of the 30th Reunion of the Class of 1949. Charles F. Phillips, Jr. is the current Robert G. Brown Professor of Economics. The Cincinnati Professorship: The Cincinnati Professorship recognizes the gift of the Society of the Cincinnati of Virginia to Washington Academy, a predecessor institution to Washington and Lee University. The Society, a group of former officers of the Continental Army, influenced by George Washingtons gift to the Academy, voted in 1802 to turn over its assets to the school, a gift that helped the institution survive. Robert S. Johnson, is the current Cincinnati Professor of Mathematics. The Jessie Ball duPont Professorship in Religion: The Jessie Ball duPont Professorship in Religion was established in 1983 by the Jessie Ball duPont Religious, Charitable and Educational Fund in memory of Mrs. duPont and in recognition of her support of higher education. Winston B. Davis is the current Jessie Ball duPont Professor of Religion. The Henry S. Fox, Jr., Professorship: The Henry S. Fox, Jr., Professorship was established in 1956 under the will of Mrs. Mamie Fox Twyman Martel of Houston in memory of her brother, Henry S. Fox, Jr., Class of 1894. Severn P. C. Duvall is the current Henry S. Fox, Jr., Professor of English. The John F. Hendon Professorship: The John F. Hendon Professorship endowment was begun by John F. Hendon, 24, during his lifetime and completed by his widow, Mila Shropshire Hendon, in 1987. The professorship stands in the School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics. Bruce H. Herrick is the current John F. Hendon Professor of Economics. The Robert E. R. Huntley Professorship in Law: The Robert E. R. Huntley Professorship in Law was established in 1982 by the Universitys Board of Trustees. The professorship honors Mr. Huntleys 15-year presidency of Washington and Lee. Roy L. Steinheimer, who retired from full-time teaching in 1987, is the Robert E. R. Huntley Professor of Law, Emeritus; Doug Rendleman is the current Robert E. R. Huntley Professor of Law. The William R. Kenan, Jr., Professorship: The William R. Kenan, Jr., Professorship was established in 1971 by a generous grant from the William R. Kenan, Jr., Charitable Trust of New York and honors the memory of Mr. Kenan. William A. Jenks, who retired from teaching in 1983, is the William R. Kenan, Jr., Professor of History, Emeritus; Lamar John Ryan Cecil, Jr., is the current William R. Kenan, Jr., Professor of History. The Mamie Fox Twyman Martel Professorship: The Mamie Fox Twyman Martel Professorship was established in 1956 under the will of Mrs. Martel and is supported annually by the Mamie F. Martel Trust of Houston. The professorship honors the memory of Mrs. Martel, whose brother, Henry S. Fox, Jr., was an 1894 graduate of the University. Jay D. Cook, who retired from teaching accounting in 1991, is the Mamie Fox Twyman Martel Professor Emeritus. Joseph Goldsten is the current Mamie Fox Twyman Martel Professor of Management. The S. Blount Mason, Jr., Professorship: The S. Blount Mason, Jr., Professorship was established in 1973 in memory of Mr. Mason, Class of 1905, a Baltimore insurance executive, who died in 1969. The endowment for the chair came from trusts created by Mr. Mason and his wife to benefit after their death, certain charities in which they were interested. William W. Pusey III, Dean of the College, Emeritus, who retired from teaching in 1981, is the S. Blount Mason, Jr., Professor of German, Emeritus. Sidney Mathias Baxter Coulling who retired from teaching in 1991, is the S. Blount Mason, Jr., Professor of English, Emeritus. Dabney Stuart is the current S. Blount Mason, Jr., Professor of English. The Ruth Parmly Professorship: The Ruth Parmly Professorship was established in 1986 in memory and honor of Ruth Parmly and in recognition of the magnificent gift she made in her estate to Washington and Lee University. Other gifts in her lifetime supported the construction of the University Library and the building housing the biology, physics, and engineering departments. That building is named Charles Howard Parmly Hall in honor and memory of her father. Edgar W. Spencer is the current Ruth Parmly Professor of Geology. The Rupert and Lillian Radford Professorship in Mathematics: The Rupert and Lillian Radford Professorship in Mathematics was created in 1982 as the result of a generous gift from the Rupert Radford Trust, created by the late Rupert Radford of Houston, Texas. Henry Sharp, Jr., is the Rupert and Lillian Radford Professor of Mathematics, Emeritus. The Robert Lee Telford Professorship: The Robert Lee Telford Professorship was established in 1991 by the estate gift of Robert Lee Telford of Naples, Florida, Class of 1922. The principal supporting the professorial endowment is in the form of a trust held by others. Leonard E. Jarrard is the first Robert Lee Telford Professor of Psychology. The Fletcher Otey Thomas Professorship in Bible: The Fletcher Otey Thomas Professorship in Bible was established in 1977 in memory of Mr. Thomas, a life-long resident of Bedford County, Virginia, by his sons, John Newton Thomas of Richmond, Class of 1924, Rector Emeritus of the University Board of Trustees, and the late William O. Thomas of Bedford, Class of 1931. Fletcher Otey Thomas was a prominent religious, business, and civic leader in Bedford. David W. Sprunt, who retired from teaching in 1987, is the Fletcher Otey Thomas Professor of Bible, Emeritus. Louis W. Hodges, Professor of Religion, is the current Fletcher Otey Thomas Professor of Bible. The William Lyne Wilson Professorship in Political Economy: The William Lyne Wilson Professorship in Political Economy was created in 1991 by a bequest from William Lyne Wilson II, '27, in memory of his grandfather, who served as president of the University at the turn of the century. This bequest was added to a smaller fund honoring the former president, which was created soon after his death to establish the economics department at Washington and Lee. Wilson professors will be selected from faculty serving in either the Department of Economics or the Department of Politics. Robert A. Strong is the first William Lyne Wilson Professor of Politics. ALUMNI PROFESSORSHIPS Class of 1958 Alumni Professorship: The Class of 1958 Alumni Professorship was established in 1990 by gifts from the members of the Law Class of 1958. Lewis H. LaRue is the current Class of 1958 Alumni Professor of Law. Class of 1975 Alumni Professorship: The Class of 1975 Alumni Professorship was established in 1990 by gifts from the members of the Law Class of 1975. Roger D. Groot is the current Class of 1975 Alumni Professor of Law. Law School Association Alumni Professorship: The Law School Association Alumni Professorship was established in 1990 by the Law School Association. Frederic L. Kirgis, Jr., is the current Law School Association Alumni Professor of Law. ALUMNI ASSOCIATION Graduates and former students of the University are organized into a strong Alumni Association. The first meeting was held on June 20, 1840. The Association was incorporated under the laws of Virginia on June 29, 1910. The present active membership is approximately 18,000. The Association employs an executive secretary, an assistant secretary, a staff associate, and necessary clerical assistance. The offices are located on the second floor of the Alumni House on the campus. By maintaining the Alumni Office and by carrying on its other activities, the Alumni Association assumes that very important part of the Universitys administration having to do with alumni-college relations. To further its work, it encourages the organization and activities of regional alumni chapters located in principal cities throughout the country. Currently numbering 82, these chapters serve the University by conducting a variety of programs and activities which are particularly helpful to alumni who live and work in these regions. The Alumni Association sponsors Class Reunions and Homecoming to encourage alumni and their families to return to the campus. Each spring ten classes combine their anniversary reunions. Homecoming is in the fall. The Alumni Office maintains records of all alumni and affords a means of contact between them and the college. It assists in the coordination of the Alumni Career Assistance Program (ACAP), the Alumni Admissions Program (AAP), and events sponsored by the Office of Special Programs. The Alumni House is frequently the site of campus social events bringing together faculty, staff, students, Lexington residents, alumni, and other visitors. ENDOWED SCHOLARSHIPS Students interested in applying for endowed and memorial scholarships should refer to the Washington and Lee Financial Assistance Brochure available in the Financial Aid Office. The Jon Devon Allen Scholarship Fund was established by the Board of Trustees to honor the memory of Jon Devon Allen, Class of 1968, who provided an unrestricted bequest for Washington and Lee. Income from the fund is to be used to assist financially needy undergraduate students. The Scholarship in the Memory of Wives of Washington and Lee Alumni is a special scholarship, begun in 1972, by Benjamin W. Partlow, Class of 1921, in memory of his wife, Jane McCauley Partlow. It was Mr. Partlows intention to establish a fund to which others, alumni or not, could contribute in memory of the wife of a Washington and Lee alumnus. The names of all wives so memorialized will be made a part of the official records of Washington and Lee University and listed in this catalogue. The George Sloan Arnold Scholarship and Loan Fund was established in 1974 by Mr. G. S. Arnold, LL.B., 1928, of Romney, West Virginia, to provide scholarships and loans to applicants who demonstrate financial need and academic excellence. The Thomas Ball Student Aid Fund was established in 1941 by Mr. Balls sister, Mrs. Jessie Ball duPont, and was received by the University in 1960. The income derived from this fund is used to provide scholarships and loans for the education of worthy students selected by the University Committee on Student Financial Aid. The G. Holbrook Barber Scholarship Fund was established in 1977 by Mrs. Elizabeth Cross Barber and her son, G. Holbrook Barber, Jr., in memory of Dr. G. Holbrook Barber, who was graduated from Washington and Lee in 1917 and from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, in 1921. The income from the fund goes to a member of the senior class who manifests superior qualities of helpfulness and friendliness to fellow students, public spirit, scholarship, and personal character. The recipient is named by a committee consisting of the Dean of the College and two student representatives designated by the President of the University. The Barber-Perkins Scholarship was created in 1992 by Mrs. Eloise F. Barber in memory of her late husband, Lewis Briscoe Barber, and in honor of herself, Eloise Foxworthy Barber, and her daughter, Virginia Barber Perkins, the mother of John E. Perkins, IV, Class of 1990, and Lewis B. Perkins, Class of 1993. Recipients of the scholarship must be students worthy of financial aid who are natives of a Southeastern state. Preference is to be shown to students who are majoring or are interested in fine arts, the social sciences, or engineering. The David Moore Barclay Scholarships, established in 1972 by a bequest from the estate of Mr. Barclays widow, Lillian Hamilton Simpson Barclay, honors a member of Washington and Lees Class of 1898. Income from the fund is used to provide grant assistance to needy Washington and Lee students of exceptional character and academic promise. The James Paxton Barclay Scholarship was created in 1992 by a bequest from his widow, Grace Del Barclay. Barclay was a member of the Washington and Lee Class of 1911. The scholarship is for undergraduate students on the basis of need or merit. The Tommy Mac Baremore Memorial Scholarships, established in 1968 in memory of Thomas Mac Baremore who was the victim of a drowning accident in 1968 while a student at Washington and Lee, are awarded each spring to no more than three students beyond the freshman year who have demonstrated financial need, promise of undergraduate distinction, and a grade-point ratio of at least 2.4. Selections are recommended to the Financial Aid Committee by a screening committee composed of the Director of Student Financial Aid and representatives of the Executive Committee of the Student Body, the IFC, the Debating Organization, and Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity. The Willie and Frank Barron Scholarship was established in 1992 by Mr. W. Franklin Barron, Jr., Class of 1952, of Rome, Georgia, to provide scholarship assistance to deserving undergraduate students. The scholarship honors Mr. Barrons father, William Franklin Barron, Class of 1919. The Edgar A. Basse, Jr., Scholarship was established in 1978 by Anne W. Basse in honor of her husband, Edgar A. Basse, Jr., Class of 1939. The scholarship is awarded each year to natural-born citizens of the United States who demonstrate high moral character and academic motivation and who require financial assistance to attend the University. The Bath County (Virginia) Scholarship, established by Mr. and Mrs. Allan M. Hirsh, in honor of their son, Malcolm McCallum Hirsh, an alumnus. Preference is given to a deserving student from Bath County, Virginia, who may be nominated by the donors. The Frank Batten Scholarship was established by a gift from Mr. Frank Batten of Norfolk, Virginia, to support financially needy undergraduate students. The fund is administered by the Director of Financial Aid. The Bays Scholarship was founded by William Webb Bays, A.B., 1904, in memory of his father, mother, and sister, through a trust fund which came to the University in 1965. The Allein and Elizabeth Beall Scholarship was established in 1979 by Mr. and Mrs. Upton Beall, Class of 1951, in honor of his parents, Elizabeth and Allein Beall, Class of 1918. The scholarship is awarded each year to either an incoming freshman or an upperclassman with preference for students from Arkansas, Mississippi, or Texas. The Adrian L. Bendheim, Jr., Scholarship Fund was established in 1963 by Mr. and Mrs. Adrian L. Bendheim of Richmond, Virginia, as a memorial to their son, an honored alumnus of the Class of 1942. The Arthur A. Birney Scholarship was established in 1986 by Arthur A. Birney, 50, 52L, of Washington, D.C. Scholarship awards will be available to both undergraduate and law students, with preference for the latter during the early years of the scholarships administration. Awards will be based on demonstrated characteristics of good citizenship and leadership in scholastic and civic affairs. The Wilton Earle Birnie Memorial Scholarship was established by Joseph Earle Birnie, Class of 1927, in honor of his brother, Wilton Earle Birnie, whose death in early life prevented his contemplated enrollment at Washington and Lee University. The income from the fund is to be used to provide financial assistance to a worthy student, preferably from South Carolina, Wilton Earle Birnies native state. The W. Henry Boley Memorial Scholarship, established in 1956 under the will of Mrs. Edna Peck Hawse (sister of H. Crim Peck, LL.B., 1907) in memory of W. Henry Boley, a close friend of her family, who was an honorary member of the Alumni Association of Washington and Lee University. The T. Talbott and Ann Bond Scholarship was created in 1991 by Mr. and Mrs. T. Talbott Bond of Ruxton, Maryland. An annual scholarship is to be awarded to a student from the greater Baltimore, Maryland, area who requires financial assistance. Recipients are to be appointed based on demonstrated achievement in scholastic and extracurricular activities. The Boxley Scholarship was established in 1940 under the will of William W. Boxley, of Roanoke, Virginia, the father of an alumnus. Preference is given to a resident of Roanoke City or County, Virginia. The Robert Foster Bradley Scholarship was created in 1971 by an anonymous donor to honor one of Washington and Lees most distinguished professors. A student majoring in French and having not less than a B+ average shall have 80% of the income of the scholarship as an annual award. The remaining income shall be retained and reinvested into the fund. Each year, the head of the Department of Romance Languages will make nomination of the proposed recipient. The Brock Family Scholarship was created in 1986 by Mrs. William E. Brock, Jr., of Chattanooga, Tenn., in honor of her sons, Paul K. Brock, 54, and William E. Brock III, 53. Preference will be shown to candidates from the Chattanooga area, but the award is not confined to such students. The William E. Brown Scholarship was established in 1986 by an estate gift of William E. Brown, 30, of Warren, Ohio. Awards are to be made to deserving students with preference for residents of the state of Ohio. The Leslie Lyle Campbell (M.A. 1887 Ph.D. 1891) Scholarship for Physics, established in 1965 through a bequest from the estate of Dr. Campbell. The James R. Caskie Scholarship, established by alumni of the University to honor the years of devoted service rendered by James R. Caskie as a Trustee of the University. This scholarship is to be awarded to a deserving applicant, preferably from Lynchburg, Virginia, on the basis of character, scholarship, and personality. The Central Fidelity Banks, Inc. Scholarship is to be awarded to one or more outstanding Virginia students in the School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics who have declared business or economics as their major field of study and who have demonstrated financial need. The student(s) will hold the scholarship for the junior year and again in the senior year contingent upon continued academic excellence and financial need. The William Wells Chaffin Memorial Scholarship, endowed in 1970 by friends and a bequest, honors a former University professor and debate coach and is intended to assist one or more deserving students who demonstrate excellence, or the potential for excellence, in intercollegiate debate. The Chaos Society of Washington and Lee University Scholarship was established in 1981 by members of the Society to express their support of Washington and Lee University. The scholarship is awarded at the discretion of the University. The Class of 1929 Scholarship was established in honor of the Classs 50th Reunion in May 1979. Gifts from members of the class created the award. The Class of 1937 Scholarship, endowed through resources generated by that class, was established in 1988. The Honor Scholarship Committee will award this scholarship to students who have exhibited superior academic talents, and have contributed to the life of their schools and communities. Recipients of this prestigious award will have demonstrated exceptionally high interest in their own education and the ability to work closely with the Universitys faculty. The scholarship is awarded regardless of need and is renewable for each of the recipients upperclass years with the attainment of a cumulative B (3.0) grade-point average. The Class of 1940 Scholarship was established by members of the class in honor of their 50th Reunion to provide financial assistance to students who otherwise would be unable to attend Washington and Lee University. The Class of 1953 Scholarship was established by members of the class in honor of their 25th Class Reunion. The scholarship is administered according to the usual procedures of the Office of Student Financial Aid. The Class of 1967 Scholarship was established as a twenty-fifth reunion gift to strengthen Washington and Lees ability to support students with financial need. The fund is administered by the Director of Finanial Aid. The Class of 1986 Scholarship was established by members of the class in May 1991, to honor the memory of classmates Thomas John Fellin of Weston, Pennsylvania, who died in 1984, and John Christopher Hunter of Cave Spring, Georgia, who died in 1985. The scholarship is awarded annually to a financially deserving student who personifies the W&L spirit, based on strength of character and leadership ability. The A.B., Dolly, and Ralph Cohen Scholarship is made possible by the generous gift of Mrs. Julia W. Cohen. The scholarship was established in 1986 in memory of Ralph Cohen who graduated from Washington and Lee University in 1943 and died in 1974. This scholarship is awarded to students who have exhibited superior academic talents and leadership abilities and exceptional achievement in the arts, athletics or community affairs. This prestigious award is renewable for each year of the students undergraduate work at Washington and Lee provided the recipient maintains at least a 3.0 G.P.A. Those who are finalists for this award will be invited to the campus at University expense for an interview with members of the Honor Scholarship Committee. The Howard Milton Colvin Scholarship was established in 1974 under the will of Katherine O. Colvin in honor and memory of her husband, a former professor in the Washington and Lee University School of Law. The fund was increased by gifts from her daughter, Mrs. Katherine C. Hart of Potomac, Maryland, and her sons, Mr. John T. Colvin of Wilmington, Delaware and Professor Milton Colvin of Washington and Lee University. The stipend is awarded annually to a student in the School of Law. The James Tucker Cook, Jr., Memorial Scholarship was created in 1983, and is awarded to a student who has demonstrated financial need and is an active participant in the music curriculum of the Universitys Department of Fine Arts. This scholarship was established by an anonymous donor in memory of James Cook, Class of 1954, a former assistant professor of music. The Fred L. Coover, Jr., Scholarship Fund was established in 1988 by bequest of Hylton M. Coover in memory of her son, a member of the Class of 1947. To be awarded annually to worthy students in good academic standing with preference given to students from the area of Newport News and Hampton, Virginia. The Lewis Berkeley Cox Memorial Scholarship Fund was established in 1959 by William Junkin Cox, B.A. 1917; B.S. in C.E. 1918; C.E. 1928, and Lewis Berkeley Cox, Jr., B.A. 1914; LL.B. 1920, in memory of their illustrious father, Lewis Berkeley Cox, B.L. 1878. The income from this fund is awarded annually to a student who has completed at least one year of resident study at Washington and Lee University. In making the award, consideration shall be given to good moral character, scholastic accomplishment, and financial need, in that order. The Dr. George B. Craddock Memorial Scholarship was established by the friends and family of George B. Craddock, Class of 1930. A distinguished physician, Dr. Craddock died in Lynchburg, Virginia, on December 11, 1985. The scholarship is awarded to upperclass premedical students on the basis of demonstrated commitment to a medical career, financial need, and academic records indicating acceptance by a medical school. The John L. Crist, Sr., Memorial Scholarship, established in 1964 through a bequest from the estates of John L. Crist, Sr., B.S. in Chemistry, Class of 1912 and Mrs. John L. Crist. The bequest is used to endow one or more scholarships in the Department of Chemistry, to be awarded by the University in the usual manner. The Robert Barry Crosby Scholarship was established in 1970 in memory of Robert Barry Crosby, Class of 1968, by his classmate Samuel Gates Shaw and the Shaw Family. Crosby was killed in action on February 26, 1970, in Vietnam. The income from the gift is to be awarded annually as a grant to a law student, or students, who demonstrate strong qualities of character and academic motivation, with preference to be accorded to a native or resident of the State of Mississippi. The Judge Edward S. Delaplaine Scholarship was established by Judge Edward S. Delaplaine of Frederick, Maryland, Class of 1913. The scholarship is awarded to undergraduates in good standing. The William Theodore Delaplaine Scholarship was established in memory of William T. Delaplaine, Class of 1909, and William T. Delaplaine III, Class of 1939, by the Delaplaine family of Frederick, Maryland, and friends. Preference is given to a resident of Frederick County, Maryland. The Delta Upsilon Fraternity Scholarship was established in 1984 by alumni of the Washington and Lee Chapter of Delta Upsilon Fraternity, in honor of Professor Emeritus Rupert N. Latture, long-time member, valued friend, and trusted chapter adviser. Preference is given to sons and daughters of Delta Upsilon Chapter alumni. The Herbert, Olive and Richard Dietz Scholarship was created in 1991 by the Estate of Richard Dietz, whose father, Herbert, was a member of the Class of 1936, to provide financial support for undergraduate or law students. The Egbert B. Doggett Scholarship Endowment was established in 1980 under the will of Egbert B. Doggett, Class of 1914. The endowment is one of the largest scholarship funds established at an American college or university and is awarded based on academic merit, strong traits of character, and financial need. The Elizabeth Cave Drye Scholarship, established by an alumnus, John W. Drye, Jr., of New York, in memory of his mother. The income from a trust fund is to be awarded on the basis of character, ambition, and scholarly attainment of the recipient. Preference is given to a graduate of the Van Alstyne, Texas, High School, or to a resident of North Texas. The Catherine Ann Dugger Scholarship Fund was established as an endowment by Atwell Dugger 50 as a means of honoring the memory of his beloved daughter who died tragically while abroad. In testament to her interest in journalism, the recipients of the scholarship, to be known as Dugger Scholars, will be chosen from among meritorious students majoring in Journalism who, in addition, have demonstrated financial need. The Alfred I. duPont Memorial Scholarship Fund was established by Mrs. Jessie Ball duPont, in 1940 and in 1958, in memory of her husband, Alfred I. duPont. The income from the fund is used for scholarships for deserving students. The Jessie Ball duPont Scholarship Fund was established by Mrs. Alfred I. (Jessie Ball) duPont in 1959, 1962, and subsequent years. The income from the fund is to be awarded as scholarships to promising and worthy students. The duPont-Gaines Scholarship Fund was set up in 1954 by Mrs. Alfred I. duPont. Under the fund a certain number of scholarships will be awarded each year to worthy students, with preference given to residents of Southern states. The scholarships are awarded on the recommendation of the President of Washington and Lee University. Each year one or more of these scholarships are awarded to entering freshmen. The Ethyl Corporation Scholarships were created in 1986 by Ethyl Corporation of Richmond, Virginia. From the scholarship endowment two awards are to be made simultaneously in an amount to cover tuition. Stipends are to be awarded to entering students who demonstrate interest and ability in the natural sciences, particularly chemistry, along with exceptional academic and personal achievement. The Faculty Committee Scholarship was designated by the Faculty Committee for the Development Program as a part of the amount raised from the members of the faculty, administration, and staff for a fully endowed scholarship to be administered according to the usual procedures of the Committee on Student Financial Aid. The John S. Fangboner, Jr., Scholarship, established in 1958 amin F. Fiery Scholarship, established in 1981 by alumni and other admirers in greater Cleveland, Ohio, to honor the life and career of Mr. Fiery, a member of the Class of 1913. Preference is to be given to students from the Cleveland area. The Thomas Shirley Fleshman Scholarship Fund was bequeathed to Washington and Lee University by Mrs. Geraldine Fleshman Pratt to be used for tuition of a needy, deserving student of above average academic standing in the School of Business Administration or Economics. The Benjamin Hobson Frayser Scholarship, given in 1943 by Mrs. Annie R. F. Frayser in memory of her son. Preference is given to an orphan, of Confederate lineage, who is in preparation for medicine or the ministry . The R. Kent Frazier Memorial Scholarship, created in 1981 by members of Mr. Fraziers family, friends, classmates and alumni of Washington and Lee University. Mr. Frazier was a member of the Class of 1961 and was president of the Student Executive Committee in his senior year. The awards are to be made to deserving students evidencing strong traits of character and records of achievement. The Reverend and Mrs. Bruce F. Gannaway and Miss Grace Gannaway Scholarship was established in 1989 by The Reverend Bruce F. Gannaway, Class of 1925, and Mrs. Gannaway. The scholarship is to be awarded, when fully funded, to upperclass students who intend to become Christian ministers and is also open to students who plan to pursue lay careers in the church. The scholarship honors the donors and The Reverend Gannaways sister, Grace Gannaway. The Charles R. Gay Memorial Scholarship, established in 1974 by Charles S. Gay, 56 B.A., 58 LL.B., in honor and memory of the donors grandfather, Charles R. Gay of New York City. Charles R. Gay was a distinguished member of Americas financial community having been a senior partner in the firm of Whitehouse & Company and the owner of a seat on the New York Stock Exchange. He was elected President of the NYSE and later served as Chairman of the NYSE Board of Governors. The Gilliam Scholarship Fund was created in 1972 by a generous gift to the University from Dean Frank J. Gilliam. Later the fund was increased by gifts from Dean Gilliam, and many of his and Washington and Lees friends in memory of Mrs. Louise Johnson Gilliam who died on May 27, 1973, in Lexington, Virginia. Award of this scholarship carries considerable honor and is administered by the Faculty Committee on Student Financial Aid. The William A. Glasgow, Jr., Scholarship was established in 1940 under the will of Mrs. William A. Glasgow, Jr., in memory of her husband, a distinguished alumnus. Preference shall be given to any applicant who is related by blood to Mr. Glasgow. The Carter Glass Scholarship, established by members of the family of the late U.S. Senator Carter Glass, in his memory. The income is to be awarded to a deserving student, preference being given to a student of journalism. The Carter Glass, Jr., Scholarship was established in 1973 by the Lynchburg News and Daily Advance in honor and memory of Carter Glass, Jr., Class of 1913. The preference is to be shown to a rising sophomore, junior or senior who is interested in a career in newspaper journalism. Preference is also to be given to students from the Commonwealth of Virginia. The Committee on Student Financial Aid is to make the award each year, guided but not bound by the stated preferences. The same student may hold the scholarship for more than one year, but the decision as to the recipient is to be made annually. The Powell Glass Scholarship was established in 1973 by the Lynchburg News and Daily Advance in honor and memory of Powell Glass, Class of 1907. The scholarship is to be awarded each year to that student majoring in journalism who, in the opinion of the faculty of the Journalism Department, has achieved the most exemplary record during the year preceding the one in which the scholarship is to be held. The award is to be made without consideration as to the financial need of the recipient, but the award is to be approved by the Committee on Student Financial Aid. The same student may hold the scholarship for more than one year, but the decision as to the recipient is to be made annually. The Claiborne Gooch Scholarships were established in 1970 by Mrs. Cornelia C. Gooch in memory of her husband, Claiborne W. Gooch, Jr., Class of 1915. The awards are to be given to deserving young men with qualities of strong character and educational motivation who need financial assistance to attend Washington and Lee. Preference is given to students from the Boys Home in Covington, Virginia, and the Richmond Home for Boys, Richmond, Virginia. However, any funds not committed to students from these schools are available to any qualified applicants. The Colonel Lewis Coleman Gordon Scholarship was established in 1968 through a bequest from the estate of Florence Fern Bailey Gordon. It is awarded to a sophomore of fine Christian character who has achieved an above average academic record during his freshman year. Renewal is contingent upon academic performance. Preference is to be given, first, to any descendant of Reverend E. C. Gordon, D.D., Bursar under President Lee, and secondly, to the sons of Presbyterian (Southern) ministers. The Graham Scholarships. The Judge and Mrs. Samuel Jordan Graham Scholarships were established in memory of Judge Samuel Jordan Graham, Class of 1876, by his wife, E. Norma P. Graham. The income from the fund is to be awarded to worthy and deserving students in the fields of politics, pre-medicine, and law. The John Graham Scholarship is derived from alumni activity. The Garland Gray Scholarship was established in 1962 by Garland Gray, M.A. 1922, the income to be awarded to a deserving student from the southeastern section of Virginia. The Cary T. Grayson Memorial Scholarship Fund was established by a friend in memory of Admiral Grayson, former chief of the American Red Cross. The income is to be used for scholarships for worthy students of Virginia who cannot attend the institution without this help. The Edwin Claybrook Griffith Scholarship was established in honor of Emeritus Professor of Economics Edwin Claybrook Griffith in 1988 by Edwin F. Schaeffer Jr., Class of 1952, 1955 Law. The scholarship is awarded annually to an economics major who demonstrates academic excellence and leadership in student activities. The scholarship is not awarded on the basis of financial need. The Douglas C. Halstead Memorial Scholarship was established by his family to perpetuate Dougs memory through service to others as he would have wished. He was born on June 2, 1957, and was killed in an automobile accident while riding as a passenger on November 16, 1976, in Arlington, Virginia. A member of the Class of 1979, he had completed his freshman year at Washington and Lee. Doug set high moral standards and life goals for himself. This scholarship is presented to an individual who demonstrates a similar character. An award is made annually to an undergraduate at Washington and Lee with preference being shown to a student from Northern Virginia, preferably the McLean area, who has demonstrated high moral character and scholastic achievement. The recipient is one who enjoys helping others and treats all people with respect, compassion, and understanding; he should have the courage to dream and the energy and dedication to achieve those dreams. The scholarship is not awarded on the basis of financial need. John C. Haskell, Jr., Scholarship Fund. This scholarship fund, created by an anonymous gift in 1973, honors John C. Haskell, Jr., Class of 1967, and provides awards to deserving students who are designated Haskell Scholars. The Benjamin Neff and Susan Ellen Daffinee Hoover Scholarship was created in 1991 by Benjamin N. Hoover '57, and his wife, Susan Ellen Daffinee Hoover, to provide financial aid for undergraduates. The Charles Royce and Harriet Houston Hough Scholarship was created in 1992 by Royce Hough, 59, and his wife, Harriet, to assist deserving undergraduate students who require financial assistance to attend Washington and Lee University. The Howard Houston Fellowship was endowed by H. H. Houston of Philadelphia in memory of a deceased son. The fellowship is conferred annually, with preference given to a graduate of Washington and Lee who wishes to study here an additional year. The recipient is expected to render academic service to the University for not more than two hours each day. The Richard F. Hudgins Memorial Scholarship was established in 1965 by Mr. and Mrs. Carter Hudgins of Marion, North Carolina, in memory of their son of the Class of 1968. The income from the fund is to be awarded as a four-year scholarship, with preference given to needy students from North Carolina and Texas. Graduates of Christ School, Arden, North Carolina, may be nominated by officials of that institution. The Oscar Caperton Huffman Memorial Scholarship, given by Mrs. Huffman in memory of her husband, an honored alumnus and trustee. The Doctor John S. Jenkins Memorial Fund, established in 1966 by the will of his wife, Bessie D. Jenkins of Pine Bluff, Arkansas, for the purpose of assisting worthy young men in obtaining pre-medical training. The Arthur S. Jewett Scholarship was established in 1968 through a bequest from the estate of Arthur S. Jewett. It is awarded annually to a qualified student of the Episcopal faith. The J. Benjamin Johnson, Jr. Memorial Scholarship Fund was created in 1988 by his wife, Alice W. Johnson, and sons in memory of this loyal son of the University, a member of the Class of 1915, lifelong resident of Manassas, Virginia, and one of three brothers who graduated from Washington and Lee. In awarding this scholarship, preference is to be given to deserving students with strong interest in botany or another biological science and who have demonstrated financial need. The L. K. Johnson-Rosasco Scholarship, was created in 1974 by Lewis Kerr Johnsons friends and former students, including William S. Rosasco III, Class of 1951, who increased the scholarship fund in 1981 in special recognition of Dr. Johnsons years of distinguished teaching. Dr. Johnson retired from active teaching in 1973 after serving Washington and Lee University with distinction for 40 years as professor of administration and head of the Department of Administration. The scholarship is awarded to a rising junior majoring in business administration or in business administration/accounting and may be renewed for the recipients senior year. A recipient must have a grade-point average of 3.0 and must be planning a business career. Further, the recipient must possess those basic characteristics of integrity, initiative, independence, self discipline, drive and leadership that are generally believed to be required to manage a business firm. Awards are made by a selection committee composed of the dean of the School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics, the head of the Department of Administration and the student president of the Commerce Fraternity. The Charles Poellnitz Johnston Scholarship, established by an alumnus, Henry P. Johnston, of Birmingham, Alabama, in memory of his father. The income is to be awarded preferably to a resident of Alabama or some other Southern state who will study journalism or radio. The Henry Poellnitz Johnston Scholarship, established by Henry Poellnitz Johnston, B.A. 1929. The income from a trust fund of $10,000 is to be awarded preferably to a resident of Alabama or some other Southern state who will study journalism or radio. The Henry P. Johnston, Jr., Scholarship was established in 1972 by his family and friends in his honor and memory. Henry P. Johnston, Jr., of Birmingham, Alabama, was a member of the Class of 1970, and a first lieutenant in the U.S. Air Force. The H. Reed Johnston Scholarship Fund, established in 1968 by H. Reed Johnston of New York City, Class of 1928, provides one or more full scholarship grants each year to students of unusual academic merit and financial need. Awards are made by special action of the Committee on Student Financial Aid. The Earl T. Jones Scholarship will be awarded to students with outstanding records of achievement in secondary school and will serve to attract to Washington and Lee University young men and women who demonstrate unusual promise for future service and leadership. The Earl T. Jones Scholarship is emblematic of the Universitys dedication to the principal that it can be no stronger, in human or academic terms, than the students who seek to join this academic community. Preference will be given to students from Virginia or North Carolina. The Robert Hancock Jones Scholarship was created in 1978 by a gift from George Rather Jones, Class of 1937, in honor of his brother, Robert H. Jones, Law Class of 1927. The scholarship is awarded annually to deserving students with preference shown to candidates from Texas and Tennessee. The Hyman and Estelle Kamen Scholarship was created in 1986 by Stanley A. Kamen, Class of 1949L, in honor of his parents. One full-tuition stipend is to be awarded annually to American students. The Ralph C. Kemp Scholarship was created in 1984 by Mr. Ralph C. Kemp of Baltimore, Maryland. The endowed fund provides one scholarship each year to be awarded to a student who has demonstrated notable academic achievement with preference to students from the greater Baltimore area. The Shirley A. Kimmel Scholarship was established in 1991 by William J. Kimmel, III, Class of 1969, in honor of his mother. The scholarship is awarded, based on need, to a deserving student with no geographical requirements. The Landon B. Lane Memorial Scholarship in Journalism was created in 1984 and is to be awarded to a rising junior majoring in the Department of Journalism. Candidates for the award must present evidence of strong academic achievement and genuine promise in the field of journalism. Awards are to be based on financial need with preference to students from Virginia. The Herbert S. Larrick Law Memorial Fund was established by Mrs. Nancy N. Larrick of Winchester, Virginia, in memory of her late husband, a graduate of the Law Class of 1897. The Rupert Nelson Latture Scholarship was created in 1984 by Professor Lattures son and daughter-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. William E. Latture, Class of 1949, of Greensboro, N.C. The scholarship is to be awarded to a deserving student who requires financial assistance to attend Washington and Lee. Professor Latture began his eminent career at Washington and Lee as a teacher in 1920 and continued in constant service to his alma mater until his partial retirement in 1983. The Mary Magruder Laughlin Scholarship was established by Samuel O. and Philip Laughlin in memory of their mother. The income is to be awarded to three students with preference to students from the Shenandoah Valley or from West Virginia. Law School Scholarships. Many endowed scholarships have been established by generous benefactors to provide financial assistance for students enrolled in the Washington and Lee University School of Law. For details, see the law catalogue. The Robert E. Lee Scholarship Fund was established in 1955 by John Lee Pratt of Fredericksburg, Virginia. In 1965 Pratt gave an additional gift. Each year seven or eight entering freshmen will receive Lee Scholarships, with annual stipends based on individual need. These will be awarded on the basis of character, academic record, clear demonstration of financial need, and particular promise of leadership and future usefulness. Personal interviews will be held on campus with finalists in the Lee Scholarship competition. The Lees-Eastwick Scholarship, established by the members of the Lees and the Eastwick families. The income is to be awarded to a deserving student. The J. R. Lester Endowment Fund, established in 1958 by a gift under the will of John Randall Lester, of Martinsville, Virginia, to aid students of high qualifications who need financial assistance to attend college. The John Letcher Scholarship, given in 1919 by the children of John Letcher, the War Governor of Virginia during the War Between the States. From the fund two scholarships are awarded annually to two deserving students. The J. Edward Lewis Scholarship Fund, established in 1983, will provide financial assistance to deserving graduates of Collins High School of Oak Hill, West Virginia. If this condition cannot be met, the scholarship may be awarded to deserving graduates who apply from any high school within Fayette County, West Virginia, or in the absence of any of these students, then to deserving graduates from any high school in the state of West Virginia. Both honor and regular grants are available. The Mary and Daniel Loughran Scholarship was established in 1981 by the foundation of the same name for the purpose of making permanent the award of Loughran Scholarships first begun in 1977. Stipends are to be made on the basis of good character, academic achievement, and financial need. The McElwee Ministerial Scholarships. Through a trust fund, Robert Harvey McElwee, of Chicago, established in 1926 a memorial to his father and mother, William M. McElwee and Annie Harvey McElwee, a devoted minister of the Gospel and his equally devoted wife. A portion of the income from this fund is used to pay the tuition fees of certain authenticated candidates for the Christian ministry. The Lee Massey McLaughlin Memorial Scholarship, established in 1969, is awarded to a rising junior who has displayed those qualities of excellence in his relations with his fellow man, devotion to Washington and Lee University, sportsmanship, and academic achievement that are associated with the memory of Coach to an entering freshman, or to an upperclassman, or both. The award memorializes the achievements in government service, business and education of Basil Manly, an alumnus of Washington and Lee University, Class of 1906. The Edwin M. Marks Scholarship Fund was established in 1991 by Edwin M. Marks '35, '37L, of Memphis, Tennessee, in honor of Joseph L. Arnold '37L, and Amos A. Bolen '34, 37L; and in memory of Stanley C. Higgins, Jr. '37, and Fletcher F. Maynard '36, '38L. Income from this permanent endowment fund will be awarded annually to one or more financially needy undergraduate or law students, selected by the Director of Financial Aid. The Daniel Ewing Martin Scholarship was established in 1987 by the family and friends of Daniel Ewing Martin, who died in his freshman year at Washington and Lee. The scholarship is awarded to needy and deserving students with preference for Fayette County, Kentucky, and the Commonwealth of Kentucky. The Everett A. Martin Scholarship Fund was established in 1970 by Everett A. Martin, Class of 1937, to provide scholarship assistance to students with above average financial needs. There are no geographic or academic class restrictions on the awards. Notable academic achievement is to be recognized. Awards are made by special action of the Committee on Student Financial Aid. The Mestrezat Law Fund. Mrs. Donald L. McCaskey established this fund in memory of her uncle, Judge S. Leslie Mestrezat, who received his degree from the Washington and Lee University School of Law in 1871. The Captain Shatteen C. Mitchell Scholarship is based upon gifts given by Mrs. William Walker Brookes, of Atlanta, Georgia, in memory of her father, Captain Shatteen C. Mitchell, a distinguished Confederate officer, and her mother, Chloe Bartlett Mitchell. Preference is given to students from the state of Georgia. The Greg Eugene Mohr Scholarships were established in 1975 by Mr. and Mrs. Julian Boehm Mohr of Atlanta, Georgia, to perpetuate the memory of Greg Eugene Mohr, who lost his life a few weeks before his sixteenth birthday and was a rising junior at The Westminister Schools of Atlanta. The scholarships provide awards to students who demonstrate need and have records that indicate outstanding academic promise. Preference is given to residents of metropolitan Atlanta and next to residents elsewhere in Georgia. The David C. Montgomery Memorial Scholarship, established by Dr. and Mrs. Merton E. Carver, to honor the memory of their son who contributed significantly to the University community and whose exuberant and unselfish spirit was an inspiration to all who knew him. The scholarship is awarded annually to a deserving student. The Moore Scholarship was established in 1985 in memory of Thomas Thorn Moore, 26, and his father, Frank Moore, 1896L, and in recognition of the many other members of this Rockbridge County family who attended Washington College and Washington and Lee University. It was created by Thomas Thorn Moore, Jr., 63, and his wife, Carol Scott Moore; and Hullihen Williams Moore, 65, and his wife, Nancy Delano Moore, with their children, Frank Hullihen Moore, 92, and Sara Delano Moore. The scholarship is awarded annually, with preference given to students from Kentucky, North Carolina, and Virginia. The Edwin A. Morris Scholarship, created in 1988 by Edwin A. Morris, Class of 1926, is awarded annually to deserving students with notable achievement in academic and extracurricular endeavor. The scholarship is awarded with preference for students from North Carolina. The Stuart P. Neff, 81, Memorial Scholarship was established in 1985 by his brother, Scott Neff of Louisville, Kentucky. The award is to be made to students in their junior and senior years who require assistance to complete their studies at Washington and Lee. Preference is to be shown to members of the Phi Kappa Sigma fraternity or students from the state of Kentucky. The Alexander L. Nelson Scholarship was established in 1977 under the will of his son, Frank A. Nelson, Class of 1891. Alexander Nelson graduated from Washington College in 1849 and taught mathematics at Washington College and Washington and Lee University from 1854 to 1906, a record unexceeded by any professor at this institution. The Omicron Delta Kappa Scholarship was established in 1974 in honor of the men who founded ODK at Washington and Lee University in 1914. Establishment of the scholarship marked the sixtieth anniversary of the honorary leadership fraternity. One of the founders, Professor Emeritus Rupert N. Latture, Class of 1915, was specifically honored by creation of the scholarship in recognition of his 55 years of service to the University. The scholarship is awarded annually to upperclass students with demonstrated need who have shown above average capacities for leadership and involvement in academic and extracurricular activities. The Jesse C. Outten Scholarship was created in 1986 under the will of Jesse C. Outten, 37. Scholarship awards are to be made to assist needy and deserving students with preference for students from Northampton and Accomack counties, Virginia, and in recognition of high qualities of character and academic competence. The H. Mann Page Memorial Scholarship Fund, established in 1923 by Mr. and Mrs. Henry C. Page, in memory of their son, an alumnus. The income is applied toward the tuition fee of two students, preferably students preparing for medicine. This award is ordinarily not open to first-year students. The John L. Patterson Scholarship was established by a bequest under the will of John L. Patterson, Class of 1921, in 1980. It is awarded annually and preference is given students from St. Louis, Missouri. The grant stipends are to be based on financial need. The Mosby H. Payne and Virginia Winter Payne Scholarship Fund was established by a trust created by Dr. Mosby H. Payne, Class of 1911. The fund honors the memory of Dr. Payne and his wife. Income from the endowment is used to aid deserving students from Virginia. The James Coburn Pickens Memorial Scholarship, created in 1981 under the estate of Paul D. Pickens, Class of 1917, in honor of his brother. Preference is to be given to worthy students pursuing studies in engineering or the natural sciences. The Rupert and Lillian Radford Scholarship Fund was established in 1986 by the Rupert Radford Estate Trust. Grants shall be made in amounts of not less than $1,000 or more than $6,000. The $6,000 limit may be raised to cover increases in tuition during the time of a students undergraduate career. Lillian and Rupert Radford were residents of Houston, Texas. The James Tyler Ramsey Memorial Scholarship Fund, established in 1969 under the will of Mrs. Lillian G. Ramsey in memory of her deceased son, James Tyler Ramsey. The annual income from the bequest is awarded to a deserving student, preferably from Florida, who otherwise would be unable to attend Washington and Lee University. The Florine J. and Russel B. Reynolds, Jr., Memorial Scholarship, established by Major General Russel B. Reynolds, as a memorial to his wife and son. The award is to be made to a student who is physically incapacitated in such a manner as to require the regular use of leg braces, crutches, or both. The Charles Bassett Rich Memorial Scholarship was established in 1960 by Mrs. Hal C. Rich in memory of her son, who died in his sophomore year at Washington and Lee. The award is made to a student of high promise and economic need. The Richmond Area Scholarship was established in 1992 by an alumnus who requested anonymity. Additional gifts have been added by other Richmond-area alumni and friends. The fund provides financial aid for students from the greater Richmond area and is administered by the Director of Financial Aid. The J. Shirley Riley Scholarship was established in 1940, under the will of J. Shirley Riley, an alumnus. The Edwin H. Rinehart Memorial Scholarship Endowment was established in 1978 by the estate of Freda E. Martz in honor of Edwin H. Rinehart of Braddock Heights, Frederick County, Maryland. The endowment is to provide scholarship aid for students with a demonstrated need for financial assistance in the School of Law, with preference to be shown to applicants from Frederick and Washington Counties, Maryland. Awards are to be made by action of the Dean of the School of Law. The Louise Pettit Faulkner Ritchie Scholarship was given by Mrs. Mary Cassidy in honor of her mother, a former Delta Tau Delta housemother. The scholarship is awarded by the University in the usual manner. The John Dashiell Rouse Memorial Scholarship was established by the Rouse family in memory of Lieutenant John D. Rouse, Class of 1949, who was killed in combat in Korea in September 1951. Preference is given to a graduate of the public schools on the basis of character, promise, and need. The Josiah P. Rowe, Jr., Scholarship was established as a memorial to Josiah P. Rowe, Jr., by his sons Charles S. and Josiah P. Rowe III. The income is to be used for students in journalism. The Jon Rugel Memorial Fund was established by the mother and numerous friends of Jon Raymond Rugel, Class of 1948, who died at sea on November 29, 1953. The Quincy M. and J. Rucker Ryland Scholarship was established in 1990 through a bequest by Mrs. J. Rucker Ryland. The scholarship will be awarded on an annual basis to a student demonstrating academic merit as well as financial need. The Major Ronald O. Scharnberg Memorial Scholarship Program was established at Washington and Lee University in 1971 by his family in honor of this member of the Class of 1963 who gave his life for his country in South Vietnam on March 17, 1971. The honor scholarships are awarded to both entering freshmen and to upperclassmen who evidence superior personal and academic achievements and have substantiated financial need. Preference will be shown to those candidates who plan to engage in a military career or who are veterans of the Vietnam War or other wars involving United States troops. The Rae and Ben Schewel Scholarship was created in 1985 by Helene and Bert Schewel of Lynchburg, Virginia, in memory of Mr. Schewels parents. Mr. Schewel was a member of the Class of 1941. The awards are to be made to academically qualified Virginia students whose financial circumstances require financial assistance. A special but not exclusive preference is for women students. The Nathan William Schlossberg Law Memorial Scholarship Fund was created in 1970 by the estate of Mrs. Ester W. Schlossberg in honor and memory of her husband, a 1911 graduate of the Washington and Lee School of Law. Awards are made to deserving law students who require financial assistance. The James Keith Shillington Scholarship, established in 1988 by former students and friends of this distinguished professor of chemistry, is to be awarded to a rising junior at Washington and Lee who is a chemistry major or has successfully completed organic chemistry at W&L. The recipient of The Shillington Scholarship will be chosen by the chemistry faculty. Shillington Scholars will have shown strong academic promise in their first two undergraduate years and have as their goal a career in which the study of chemistry is a prerequisite. Awarded for one year, the scholarship may be renewed with the approval of the chemistry faculty. The William S. Shutze Scholarship was created in 1985 by the estate of Mr. Shutze who was an admirer but not an alumnus of Washington and Lee University. The awards are to be made to both undergraduates and law students. Mr. Shutzes estate arrangement was made in memory of his wife, Adaline Beebe Shutze, and in honor of his second wife, Lillian E. Shutze. The Mollie Trent Signaigo Scholarship was established in 1984 by Mrs. Signaigos son, Leo J. Signaigo, Jr., Class of 1943, of Welch, West Virginia. Preference is to be shown to students from West Virginia who plan to pursue a major in the School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics. The E. P. Tatum Smith, Jr., Scholarship Fund was established in 1987 by the William H. Donner Foundation, Inc., of New York as a memorial to Mr. Smith, former president of the foundation and of the Donner Corporation. Mr. Smith was a 1950 graduate of Washington and Lees School of Law. The scholarship is open to undergraduates and law students. The Richard A. Capn Dick Smith Memorial Scholarship was established in 1978 by Capn Dicks son, Richard W. Smith, Class of 1941. The scholarship honors one of Washington and Lees greatest athletes and University leaders. A graduate of the Class of 1912, Capn Dick was Director of Athletics for 33 years and, at the time of his death, had the longest athletic service record of any college official in the South Atlantic area. The scholarship is awarded annually with preference for freshmen and for students who demonstrate strong traits of character and leadership in athletics as well as in other areas of endeavor. Awards are based on financial need. The James Somerville, Jr., Memorial Scholarship was established in 1987 through the estate of James Somerville, Jr., Class of 1912, to provide scholarships for needy undergraduate students at the University. The Southern Ohio Scholarship was established and is sustained by contributions from the Washington and Lee Alumni Association of Southern Ohio. Preference is to be shown in awarding the scholarship to a student in financial need, possessing academic promise, and residing in the general Southern Ohio area. The Samuel Spahr and Ann Maria Laws Scholarship was created in 1961 to be administered in accordance with the memorial scholarship plan suggested by the executive committee for schools and colleges of the Presbyterian Church of the United States. The Rebecca and William Spector Memorial Scholarship, created in 1981 by Mr. and Mrs. Martin W. Spector of Coral Gables, Florida. Mr. Spector is a member of the Class of 1925. The scholarship, in memory of Mr. Spectors parents, is to be awarded with preference for students from Florida. The Archibald Alexander Sproul III Scholarship in Commerce, established in 1978 by General Sproul, Class of 1937, is awarded each year to a rising junior majoring in the School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics who requires financial assistance to complete his college education. There are to be two Sproul Scholarships in force at all times. The Hugh B. Sproul Memorial Scholarship, established in 1931 by Mrs. Hugh B. Sproul in memory of her husband, an honored member of the Board of Trustees . The James Holt Starling Scholarship, established by former students of this distinguished professor of biology and premedical advisor, is to be awarded to a rising junior who is enrolled in Washington and Lees premedical curriculum. The recipient of The Starling Scholarship will be chosen by the Premedical Faculty Committee. He or she will have shown strong academic promise in the first two undergraduate years, and will have as his or her goal, a career in the health professions. Awarded for one year, the scholarship may be renewed with approval of the Premedical Faculty Committee. The B. S. Stephenson Scholarship was established in 1991 by former students and friends of this professor of languages, music, and literature; a Washington and Lee Alumnus; and former head of the German department. This scholarship is to be awarded to a rising junior German major. The recipient shall be chosen by the Dean of Students, the Dean of the College, and the Chairman of the German Department. Stephenson Scholars shall have shown strong academic promise in their first two undergraduate years and demonstrate financial need. In the event that no German majors qualify in a particular year, this scholarship shall be made available to other language majors, art majors, or music majors according to the same criteria above. The E. Clayton and Elizabeth P. Stevens Scholarship was established under the will of Professor Kenneth P. Stevens in memory of his parents. Dr. Stevens was a devoted professor of biology at Washington and Lee University from 1946 to 1968. He died in 1973. The scholarship is awarded to students from the state of Connecticut who show above average academic promise and require financial assistance in order to attend Washington and Lee University. The Daniel B. and Alta S. Straley Scholarship was established in 1959 under the will of Daniel B. Straley, LL.B., 1911, to assist one or more young men to study for the Christian ministry. The award is to be based on the need and scholastic record of the applicant. The Thomas Greene Terry Memorial Scholarship Fund, established by Bland Terry, Sr., Class of 1913, in memory of his brother, a devoted alumnus of the Class of 1916. Income is used for a scholarship award to one or more students on the basis of character, need, scholarship, and capacity for leadership. The scholarship is open to Virginia students. The Edward Charles Tonsmeire, Jr., 32, Memorial Scholarship Fund was established in 1976 by an anonymous endowment gift. The fund makes possible the award of one or more scholarships each year to incoming freshman undergraduates. Edward Tonsmeire received the Bachelor of Arts degree from Washington and Lee in 1932. He earned an LL.B. degree from Cumberland University in 1935. The Charles and Thelma Gray Touchton Scholarship was established by J. Thomas Touchton, Class of 1960, in honor of his father and mother. The scholarship is awarded each year to an incoming freshman from the state of Florida on the basis of character, academic promise, capacity for leadership, and financial need. The award may be continued for each of the students four years as long as he earns its renewal. The Charles Wilson Turner Scholarship, created in 1981 by a gift een added to by Mr. Richard H. Turrell, Class of 1949, brother of R. Clark Turrell. The Edwin Parker (Cy) Twombly Scholarship was established in 1972 by many friends of Cy Twombly, who served Washington and Lee with distinction for 53 years as swimming coach, golf coach, and athletic director. He died in 1974. The scholarship is based on need and is awarded by special action of the faculty Committee on Student Financial Aid in consultation with the Director of Athletics. The Fred M. Vinson, Jr. 48, 51L Memoral Scholarship was established by John G. Fox 44, 49L, William H. Leedy, 49, and other friends and former associates of Mr. Vinsons. The scholarship is awarded in either the undergraduate or law school for deserving students with preference for those from greater Washington, D.C., including the Maryland and Virginia suburban areas. Financial need is to be taken into consideration, but is not an absolute requirement of the award. The Max and Sylvia Weinstein Scholarship was established in 1984 by Judge Paul Weinstein, Class of 1955, to promote Judaic studies at Washington and Lee University. The scholarship, which is awarded to entering students and is renewable, is awarded to outstanding students interested in Judaic studies and related activities. The William E. Whaley III Scholarship was established in 1981 by Mr. and Mrs. William E. Whaley, Jr., of Louisville, Kentucky, in memory of their son who lost his life in action during the Vietnam War. The University awards this scholarship every other year. The Doctors Reid White Scholarship was established in 1987 in honor of Dr. Reid White, Sr., Class of 1887, and Dr. Reid White, Jr., Class of 1919, by Alice M. Eastwood, widow of Reid White, Jr., and by Reid White III, son and grandson of the two doctors. Awards are made to junior and senior premedical students on the basis of academic achievement, financial need, and personal qualities becoming a doctor of medicine. The John Higgins Williams Scholarship was initiated by a gift from the members of the Washington and Lee Quiz Bowl team representing their earnings in national competition in the spring of 1954. Other friends of Professor Williams have contributed to the fund. The Wilson Fellowships were established in 1964 by Levi Thomas Wilson, B.A., 1909 and M.A. 1910, and Hazel Schoolmaker Wilson, his wife, of Jacksonville, Florida. They may be awarded to graduates of Washington and Lee on an annual basis for graduate study at Harvard, Cornell, or Columbia in the fields of engineering, mathematics, or physics. The Jean Amory Wornom Memorial Scholarship was established in 1979 by I. Leake Wornom, Jr., Class of 1950 Law, in memory of his wife and by I. Leake Wornom III, Class of 1977, and Thomas A. Wornom, Class of 1980, in memory of their mother. The scholarship is awarded annually to either an entering freshman or upperclassman who requires financial assistance to attend Washington and Lee. Preference is given students majoring in English or planning to major in English. The Joseph L. Wright Memorial Scholarship Fund was established in 1989 by his widow, Louise Patton Wright, and two sons, Glenn P. Wright and Joseph L. Wright, Jr., in memory of Joseph L. Wright, Class of 1932. It is to provide financial aid for worthy undergraduate students, in good academic standing, with demonstrated need. The H.K. (Cy) Young Scholarship Fund is set up by gifts from alumni and friends in tribute to Cy Young, former executive secretary of the Alumni Association. The fund is awarded annually to a student with athletic aptitude who meets all scholarship requirements. HONOR SCHOLARSHIPS Alumni Association Sponsored Scholarships: The Baltimore Scholarship The Florida West Coast Scholarship The Houston Scholarship The Mid-South Scholarship The San Diego Scholarship These scholarships are awarded to recognize superior achievement in academics, extracurricular activities, and community service. The scholarships, supported by Washington and Lee alumni from the five chapters, provide full tuition assistance each year to entering freshmen. The awards are renewable for each year of undergraduate study, contingent upon satisfactory personal and academic performance. A grade average of B (3.0) is the minimum required for renewal. Finalists in the scholarship competition will be selected, on the basis of secondary school preparation and contributions outside the classroom, through joint deliberations of the Washington and Lee admissions staff and committees composed of area alumni. The Robert O. and Elizabeth M. Bentley Scholarship was created in 1993 by Elizabeth M. Bentley in memory and honor of her husband Robert O. Bentley, Class of 1926 Law. The scholarship supported by the Bentley Endowment is to be equal to Washington and Lees tuition and is to be awarded to an undergraduate student who demonstrates unusual promise for future service and leadership. The scholarship is renewable for each of the recipients undergraduate years upon the attainment of a cumulative average of B (3.0). The Best Scholarships, endowed by the Best Products Foundation of Richmond, Virginia, were established in 1981 to recognize exceptional achievement in all areas of endeavor. In awarding the scholarships, the Honor Scholarships Committee looks for evidence of leadership in student government, the arts, athletics, or community affairs, as well as academic achievement, and for the potential to continue in such a leadership role at Washington and Lee. Finalists in the Best competition are invited to campus, at the expense of the University, for a required interview with one or more of the members of the Honor Scholarships Committee. A limited number of Best Scholarships, equal to the amount of tuition, are awarded annually. The scholarships are renewable, again equal to the amount of tuition, for each year of undergraduate work, provided the recipient maintains a satisfactory personal and academic record. A cumulative average of at least a B (3.0) academic average is required for renewal. The Darnall W. Boyd, Jr., Memorial Honor Scholarship was created in 1989 by the family, friends, and classmates of Darnall W. Boyd, Jr., Class of 1978, who lost his life in March 1985. This full scholarship is awarded once every four years to an incoming freshman, preferably from the Columbia, S.C., area, who is to hold the scholarship throughout his or her undergraduate career based on high standards of character and academic achievement. The award is to be made regardless of financial need. The Delmarva Scholarship, equal to the amount of tuition, will be awarded each year to a student from the Delmarva Peninsula. Provided the recipient maintains a satisfactory personal record and an academic average of at least B (3.0), the scholarship will be renewed for each year of the students undergraduate work at Washington and Lee. Hence, a new Delmarva Scholar will usually be named every four years. Finalists in the competition will be chosen on the basis of proven academic ability, superior achievement in extracurricular activities, and exemplary traits of character; preference will be given to students who would be unable to attend Washington and Lee without such assistance. Finalists will be invited to Lexington, at University expense, for a series of required interviews with members of the Honor Scholarship Committee. The William C. Dyer Honor Scholarship Fund was established as a memorial in 1988 by the Dyer family. This endowed fund provides two full-tuition scholarships awarded in alternate years to entering freshmen selected by the Universitys Honor Scholarship Committee. Dyer Scholars must present outstanding records of academic and extracurricular achievement in secondary school. They must also demonstrate unusual promise for future service and leadership. The awards are renewable annually for the three subsequent years of undergraduate study provided the recipients maintain satisfactory personal records and achieve cumulative grade-point averages of at least B (3.0). The Francis P. Gaines Scholarships, established in 1976, honor the seventeenth president of Washington and Lee. Dr. Gaines dynamic leadership brought the institution through the challenge of the Depression and World War II to a position of pre-eminence in American higher education. A limited number of these scholarships, each with annual stipends for the freshman year, are awarded annually to outstanding high school seniors whose residence is outside the state of Virginia. The scholarships are renewable for each of the recipients upperclass years upon the attainment of a cumulative B (3.0) academic average. The Keelty Scholarships, endowed in 1981 by Joseph S. Keelty, 44, recognize superior achievement in the areas of academics, extracurricular activities, and service to others. Recipients must display exemplary traits of character; preference in awarding the scholarships will be given to students from the Baltimore area who would be financially unable to attend Washington and Lee without such assistance. A fund will support two Keelty Scholarships annually, each equal to the amount of tuition for that year, so first-year recipients will be chosen every two years. The scholarships will be renewed for each year of undergraduate study, assuming satisfactory personal performance and attainment of a cumulative grade average of at least a B (3.0). The Dora L. Lewis Scholarships, endowed by one of the staunchest supporters of the University, were established in 1981. These scholarships recognize exceptional achievement in all areas of endeavor. In awarding the scholarships, the Honor Scholarships Committee looks for evidence of leadership in student government, the arts, athletics, or community affairs, as well as academic achievement, and for the potential to continue in such a leadership role at Washington and Lee. Finalists in the Lewis competition are invited to campus, at the expense of the University, for a required interview with one or more of the members of the Honor Scholarships Committee. A limited number of Lewis Scholarships, equal to the amount of tuition, are awarded annually. The scholarships are renewable, again equal to the amount of tuition, for each year of undergraduate work, provided the recipient maintains a satisfactory personal and academic record. A cumulative average of at least a B (3.0) is required for renewal. The Philip Morris Honor Scholarships, endowed by Philip Morris Incorporated in honor of President Robert E. R. Huntley, are awarded primarily on merit and are designed to attract to the University students who demonstrate unusual promise for future service and leadership. Each Philip Morris Honor Scholar will receive financial aid in the full amount of Washington and Lees annual tuition. The Richard T. Sloan Scholarships, established in 1990 by Richard T. Sloan, 42, of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Mr. Sloans gift to Washington and Lee, by means of a unitrust he created in 1979, is among the largest made to the University for scholarship purposes. The scholarships are renewable, equal to the amount of tuition, for each year of undergraduate work provided the recipient maintains a satisfactory personal record and an academic average of at least a B (3.0). The George Washington Scholarships, established in 1976, honor the first major benefactor of the University and one of the two great Virginians whose name the school now bears. George Washington Scholarships, with an annual stipend, are awarded to a limited number of applicants from the Commonwealth of Virginia for the freshman year. These scholarships are renewable for each of the recipients undergraduate years at the University upon the attainment of a cumulative B (3.0) academic average. The Washington and Lee University Merit Scholarships are open to finalists in the National Merit Scholarship Program competition. Washington and Lee, as a college sponsor under the program, annually sponsors a minimum of five Merit Scholarships, which are awarded by the National Merit Scholarship Corporation to members of the entering freshman class. Each University Merit Scholarship carries an annual honorary stipend and is renewable each year as long as the recipient remains academically eligible to continue his or her undergraduate studies at the University. Individual financial need beyond the amount of honor award will be met by a University Merit Scholarship grant and other University financial aid resources as determined by evaluation of the Financial Aid Form. The Jean K. and William Lyne Wilson II Honor Scholarship, established in 1991 by a bequest from the estate of William Lyne Wilson II, '27, is awarded to the most promising incoming freshman who is interested in the study of economics or politics. The full-tuition scholarship is renewable for four years subject to annual review of the progress and achievement of the Wilson Scholar. WORLD WAR II MEMORIAL SCHOLARSHIPS The General Memorial Scholarship Fund is made up of many gifts of varying amounts, some given in the names of individuals and some designated simply to a general memorial scholarship fund honoring Washington and Lee men who died in World War II. These gifts provide income which is used to aid deserving Washington and Lee students in financing their education. The Student War Memorial Scholarship Fund. In the years since the war, students of Washington and Lee, through the Student War Memorial Scholarship Fund Committee (SWMSFC), have raised a generous sum of money to establish three scholarships in memory of the Washington and Lee men who gave their lives in World War II. War Memorial Scholarships. In connection with the Bicentennial program in 1949, the University received generous sums toward the establishment of memorial scholarships in honor of the dead of Washington and Lee in World War II. These gifts, which commemorate specific individuals or the dead from a specific geographical area, are held as endowment funds to provide educational opportunities for deserving students. They currently include scholarships commemorating the following: Charles James Andrews, Jr., Class of 1937. Established by his parents, Dr. and Mrs. Charles J. Andrews, and friends in Norfolk, Virginia. This scholarship is awarded to a student who shows excellence in creative work in drama or literature. Joe Higgins Bagley, Class of 1945. Established by John B. Atkins, Class of 1920, of Shreveport, Louisiana, in memory of this former roommate of his son, John B. Atkins, Jr., Class of 1945. Emmett Warren Barger, Jr., Class of 1945. Established by his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Emmett Warren Barger, Waynesboro, Virginia, and friends. George Martin Bohman, Jr., Class of 1939. Established by his parents, Mr. and Mrs. George M. Bohman, and friends in Hagerstown, Maryland. Preference is given to a resident of Washington County, Maryland. The Charlotte Memorial Scholarship. Established by Washington and Lee alumni of Charlotte, North Carolina, and vicinity, in memory of the alumni dead of World War II. The award is made to a student from North Carolina, preferably Charlotte. Julian LeRoy Dart, Jr., Class of 1939. Established by his family and friends in Jacksonville, Florida. Preference is given to a resident of Florida. The Georgia Memorial Scholarship. Established by residents of Atlanta, Georgia, and vicinity, in memory of the alumni dead of World War II. It is awarded to a resident of Georgia. James Robert Howard, Class of 1939. Established by the Adkin District, American Legion Post No. 38, of Gary, West Virginia. Preference is given to a resident of Gary, West Virginia, or vicinity. Samuel Tipton Jones, Jr., Class of 1939. Established by his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel T. Jones, of Sweetwater, Tennessee, and other members of his family and friends. Preference is given to a resident of Tennessee. Arthur Burke Koontz, Jr., Class of 1942. Established by his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Arthur B. Koontz of Charleston, West Virginia, other members of his family, and friends, as an endowment. Preference is given to a resident of West Virginia who is interested in aviation. Francis William Lowry, Class of 1943. Established by his mother, Mrs. Dexter M. Lowry, of Tallahassee, Florida. Dick Mayo Lykes, Class of 1945. Established by members of the Lykes family. Preference is given to a resident of Texas or Florida. Philip Wilhelm Murray, Jr. This scholarship was established by Lawrence L. Humphrey, Class of 1911, of Duncan, Oklahoma, in memory of the son of his former college roommate, Philip W. Murray, Class of 1911, of Norfolk, Virginia. Preference is given to a resident of Duncan, Oklahoma, or of the state of Oklahoma. When there is no suitable candidate from the areas named, the scholarship will be awarded without restriction as to residence. Leo Frederick Reinartz, Jr., Class of 1940. Established by his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Leo F. Reinartz of Middletown, Ohio, and former classmates. Robert Eugene Ridenhour, III, Class of 1945. Established by his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Ridenhour, Jr., of Concord, North Carolina, and John L. Crist, Class of 1913, of Charlotte, North Carolina. The Rockbridge County Memorial Scholarship. Established by Rockbridge County alumni, friends, and relatives of five Rockbridge County alumni who gave their lives in World War II: Hubert Franklin Beatty, Daniel Lewis Finley, Charles Troy Hickman, William Webster Lindsay, and George Stanley Slusser. The award is made to a student living in Rockbridge County, Virginia. William Carter Shinn, Class of 1946. Established by Mr. J. B. Belcher of Bluefield, West Virginia, in memory of this former roommate of his son, Charles E. Belcher, Class of 1948. Herbert Grooms Smith, Jr., Class of 1943. Established by a friend of his father, Herbert G. Smith, Class of 1918, of Newport News, Virginia. Preference is given to a resident of Newport News. Robert Emmerson Smitherman, Class of 1944. Established by his father, brothers and friends, all of Shreveport, Louisiana. Partial Scholarships. In addition to the above memorial scholarships, generous amounts have been contributed towards scholarships in the names of many other Washington and Lee men who gave their lives in the war. Among the gifts which provide significant incomes for scholarship awards are those given in memory of the following: Richard Miller Bassett, Class of 1943 William Alexander Miller Dabney, Class of 1942 Barclay Hugh Dillon, Jr., Class of 1936 Frank Figures Frazier, Class of 1938 Robert Edward Holland, Jr., Class of 1936 Harry Carter Kelly, Class of 1945 Louis Claude Schultz, Jr., Class of 1940 Felix Garrett Smart, Jr., Class of 1942 John Wesley Wright, Jr., Class of 1939 SCHOLARSHIPS OF ANNUAL GRANT The following scholarships are not awarded from income derived from Washington and Lee endowment funds, but are sustained on a year-to-year basis by direct gifts to the University: Academy of Science Scholarships. The University offers annually two scholarships to the finalists of the Student Science Talent Search, conducted under the auspices of the Virginia Academy of Science. The Paul A. Brower, M.D., Scholarship, established in 1983, is to be awarded annually to a biology major who in the opinion of the Department of Biology has excelled in academic achievement and University service. The Earle A. Cadmus Memorial Scholarship was established in 1979 by Mrs. Earle A. Cadmus of Portsmouth, Virginia, in honor and memory of her husband, Judge Earle A. Cadmus, Class of 1926 Law. The scholarship provides awards each year for a period of 10 years (or 10 awards). Recipients may be students in either the undergraduate or law divisions of the University who are graduates of high schools in either Portsmouth or Chesapeake, Virginia. Award of the scholarship may be based either on financial need and academic merit or on academic merit alone. The Westmoreland Davis Memorial Scholarships are made possible by generous grants from the Westmoreland Davis Memorial Foundation, Inc., set up in memory of the late Governor of Virginia. The awards are to be given to deserving students from Virginia. Foreign Student Grants are awarded by the University annually to foreign students who will be in residence for one year of special study. Applications are processed through the Institute of International Education before coming to Washington and Lee for final action by a special student faculty committee headed by the Faculty Adviser to Foreign Students. The W. Baker Hall Scholarships provide tuition aid to students from West Virginia. The scholarships are jointly administered by the Greater Kanawha Valley Foundation and Washington and Lee University. The Hearst Foundation Scholarship, established in 1982, is awarded annually to a student from a minority group who is majoring in journalism. The Interfraternity Council Foreign Student Scholarships. Each year the Interfraternity Council of Washington and Lee University assists in sponsoring one or more foreign students for a year of study here. This aid is awarded in the form of room and board at a fraternity house for the academic year. The Bernice and Donald S. Levinson Scholarship, established in 1990 by Mr. and Mrs. Levinson, provides an annual full-tuition stipend with preference given to a student from Baltimore or the state of Maryland. Modern Language Scholarships. The University offers annually two scholarships to first-year students in the University on the recommendation of the Modern Language Tournament of Virginia, one in French, and one in Spanish. Rockbridge County Grants are awarded by Washington and Lee to full time, degree seeking undergraduates who have been legal residents of the County for the five years prior to first enrollment in the University. Grants are made in the amount of one half of annual tuition and are not made for more than four years of enrollment. Renewal is contingent upon maintenance of satisfactory academic progress as established for Washington and Lee grants. The Scott Scholarship. Mr. and Mrs. I. M. Scott, of Jenkintown, Pennsylvania, provide scholarship aid for a foreign student. The U.D.C. Scholarship, endowed by the United Daughters of the Confederacy, was conferred in 1911 on Washington and Lee as the most typical Southern university. It is open to applicants as freshmen from any state, with the stipulation that each applicant must be at least 17 years of age and a lineal descendant of a Confederate veteran; that he must be endorsed by the president of the division and the chairman of the committee on education in his state; and that he must meet the requirements for admission to Washington and Lee University. U.D.C. Freshman Scholarships. The University has placed at the disposal of each of the divisions of the United Daughters of the Confederacy a scholarship to be awarded for one year to students entering the University as freshmen. The mode of selection is left to the discretion of the authorities of the U.D.C., but each recipient must conform to the general regulations covering endowed scholarships. Ruth S. Widener Scholarship was established by Mrs. Ralph W. Widener, Sr. of Dallas, Texas, and is administered by the United Daughters of the Confederacy. The Ruth S. Widener Scholarship annually provides scholarship support to a student of Confederate ancestry who majors in history, English, computer science, or business administration. COMPETITIVE SCHOLARSHIPS, AWARDS, AND PRIZES The Granville P. Meade Scholarships, as provided for in the will of the late Granville P. Meade, are administered by the State Board of Education of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Recipients must be native Virginians and are selected with regard to scholastic achievement, need, character, service, and intellectual capacity. The Laird Y. Thompson Scholarships were established in 1980 under the will of Laird Y. Thompson, Class of 1921, to honor his father and mother. Accordingly, the Wiley V. Thompson Scholarship is awarded annually to an outstanding law student, particularly one who has excelled in the course on contracts; and the Myrta Y. Thompson Scholarship is awarded annually to a student excelling in the study of French, particularly in the first year course. The following competitive scholarships and awards are conferred annually by the faculty on the basis of the cumulative grade-point averages of the students eligible: The Robert Alexander Scholarship The George Addison Baxter Scholarship The Henry Ruffner Scholarship These three scholarships, established by the Board of Trustees in honor of the first principal of Augusta Academy and two presidents of Washington College, are awarded annually by the faculty on a competitive basis, the students record for the previous two years being taken into consideration. The general conditions for holding these scholarships are the same as those laid down for endowed scholarships. The Luther Seevers Birely Scholarship was given by Mrs. Evelina H. Birely, of Baltimore, as a memorial to her son. It is conferred upon a student living in Virginia, West Virginia, or Maryland, preference being given to a resident of Frederick County, Virginia, or Frederick County, Maryland. The Vincent L. Bradford Scholarship, endowed by Mrs. Juliet S. Bradford, of Philadelphia, in memory of her husband, is conferred upon an undergraduate. The students record during the previous two years here is taken into account. The James D. Davidson Memorial Fund Scholarship was established under the will of Mrs. Clara D. Estill in memory of her father. The Edward Dodd Award is given to the graduating senior who in the study of philosophy shows most clearly the qualities demonstrated by Edward Allen Dodd, Jr., Class of 1967. Among these qualities are academic excellence motivated by a concern for ideas for their own sake, vigor in intellectual pursuit and resilience in the face of criticism, good will toward others encouraging them to higher achievement, and courage in the face of misfortune. The recipient of the award is announced during commencement exercises, and the recipients name is engraved on a memorial plaque in the philosophy seminar room. The Franklin Society Scholarship is conferred on a student living in Rockbridge County, Virginia. The award is based on the students record during the previous two years here. The William Hirschmann Memorial Award in Drama is given each spring to a junior or senior who has done outstanding creative work in drama and who gives evidence of general intellectual curiosity and accomplishment. The award was made possible by memorial gifts from family and friends. The James McDowell Scholarship, endowed by Mrs. Mary B. Ross, in memory of her father, James McDowell, former Governor of Virginia, is conferred upon an undergraduate. The award is based on the students record during the previous two years here. The Mapleson Award, given by J. H. Mapleson, of New York, is conferred upon the Bachelor of Arts graduate of this University who obtains the highest record. The award is honorary in nature and carries no cash value. The Robinson Awards were established in compliance with the will of John Robinson, a generous benefactor of this institution. They are: A. The Robinson Award in Languages. This award is conferred on the student attaining the highest grades in ancient and modern languages, provided he offers 48 semester hours in these subjects, including one major. B. The Robinson Award in Mathematics and Science. This award is conferred on the student attaining the highest grades in mathematics and natural science, provided he offers 60 semester hours in these subjects including one major. C. The Robinson Award in English Literature, History and Social Sciences. This award is conferred on the student attaining the highest grades in subjects other than those mentioned in (A) or (B) above, provided he offers 60 semester hours in such subjects, including one major. The selections for the Robinson Awards are made on a competitive basis and are for excellence of work and extent of work in a particular field of study. The combined grades shall have an index rating of not less than three and a half and no grade shall be below B. Only members of the graduating class are eligible. The following competitive scholarships are awarded annually by the faculty, upon recommendation of the individual departments for excellence of performance in particular fields of study: The Catherine Houston Campbell Scholarship in English Literature was established by Leslie Lyle Campbell, M.A., 1887, in memory of his wife. The award is made on the recommendation of the Department of English to a student in the University, from Rockbridge County, Virginia, or the Valley of Virginia. Departmental Scholarships. The faculty confers one scholarship, based on excellence of performance, in each of the following departments: Accounting, Biology, Economics, English, French, Geology, German and Russian, History, Journalism, Latin, Management, Physical Education, Physics, Politics, Psychology, Religion, and Spanish. The scholarships in the Departments of Economics, English, French, History, and Politics are awarded from funds established under the Elizabeth B. Garrett scholarships. Each of these scholarships entitles the recipient to take any courses in the University, except in the School of Law, with a deduction from the regular fees. The Elizabeth B. Garrett Scholarships were founded on a bequest made by Mrs. Elizabeth B. White in 1918. This fund provides for five of the department scholarships, namely one each in the following departments: Economics, English, French, History, and Politics. The John H. Hamilton Scholarship, in Greek, was established by Mrs. Virginia Catherine Hamilton in memory of her son, a devoted alumnus. The Lena T. Stevens Scholarship in Geology was established in 1956 by an alumnus in recognition of Mrs. Stevens interest in and aid to geological education. It is awarded annually upon the recommendation of the head of the Department of Geology to a junior or senior who is majoring in geology. The Walter LeConte Stevens Scholarship, given by Mrs. Stevens in memory of her husband, long a professor of the University. Preference is given to a student who has made an outstanding record in the Department of Physics and Engineering. The Taylor Scholarship, endowed by Mrs. Fannie B. Taylor, of Baltimore, is conferred upon the student attaining the highest record in the third-year course in mathematics. The Martin Baldwin Whitaker Memorial Merit Scholarship, established in 1981 by the family of Martin Baldwin Whitaker and by his former law firm, Chamberlain, Hrdlicka, White, Johnson and Williams of Houston, Texas. The annual award is to be made to a rising senior, majoring in history, who has achieved the highest grade average in history courses. Mr. Whitaker was a member of the Class of 1971. The James J. White Scholarship is conferred for high attainments in the advanced course in Greek. The Mary Louisa Reid White Scholarship, established by Mrs. William George Brown (nee Isabelle White) in memory of her mother, is awarded for high attainments in chemistry. The Young Scholarship, endowed by Henry Young, of New York, is conferred upon the student attaining the highest record in a selected course in philosophy. The following awards and prizes are conferred annually according to the terms and regulations of each award: The Academy of American Poets University and College Poetry Prize, established through the Academy by an anonymous donor, is given each year by the department. The John G. Alnutt, 40, Prize in Journalism was established in 1987 by his former colleagues at the Philadelphia Inquirer to be awarded annually to the graduating senior who has attained special achievement in editing courses. Athletic Awards. Various awards for excellence in intercollegiate sports, including the Forest Fletcher Track and Field Trophy and the Mathis War Memorial Wrestling Trophy, and intramural athletics are made each year. Further details may be obtained from the Director of Athletics. The Garnet D. Baltimore, 1881, Rensselaer Award and Scholarship, established in 1981, commemorates Garnet Douglass Baltimore, Civil Engineer, Rensselaers first African-American graduate. African-American, Hispanic, and Native American students majoring in mathe-matics and sciences at participating institutions are considered with the award generally presented to the qualifying student with the highest grade-point average in mathematics and science. Consideration is also given to an individuals potential for success in a science-related career. The Tommy Mac Baremore Debate Award, established in 1968 in memory of Tommy Mac Baremore, who was the victim of a drowning accident while a student at Washington and Lee, is presented in the form of a personal plaque each year to a student who has made an outstanding contribution to the University debate program. The Society of the Cincinnati Award. This award, established in honor of the Society of Cincinnati in the State of Virginia, is conferred by the faculty on the author of the best essay submitted during the session in competition for it. The essay should be a study of the principles for which the Society was founded, any phase of American military history, or some other acceptable subject in Colonial, Revolutionary, or pre-Civil War history of the United States. The essay must be submitted by May 1, to the special faculty committee on the Cincinnati award. The Fielder Cook Awards for Creative Film Making are awarded annually by the Department of Journalism and Communications to one or more students for outstanding creative expression in the extracurricular film-making laboratory. The Sidney M. B. Coulling Prize in English was established in 1986 by William C. Porth of Garden City, New York, to be awarded annually to a freshman or sophomore identified by the English Department as having written the best essay on a literary topic. The Mark Favermann Prize in Studio Art was established in 1987 by Barbara and Mark Favermann, 69, to encourage creative endeavor in student art. The Frank J. Gilliam Award, named for Dean Emeritus Frank J. Gilliam as a tribute to his long and devoted service to Washington and Lee since 1926, is awarded annually to that student who has made the most valuable contribution to student affairs in one or more fields. Candidates are nominated by members of the student body and faculty, and the winner is selected by the Executive Committee of the Student Body. The award consists of a personal plaque and a cash donation to that University organization or department selected by the recipient. The John Graham Award. This award, a bronze plaque, was established in memory of a beloved professor. It is given each year to that person who has contributed the most to fine arts. The William A. Jenks Award was established by former students of Dr. Jenks, distinguished scholar and the William Kenan Professor of History, Emeritus. The recipient of the Jenks Award will be chosen by the Department of History. He or she will have shown strong academic promise as an undergraduate, and will have as his or her goal, a scholarly career in the field of European History. The award is to be used for travel or for graduate school expenses. Awarded for one year, the grant may be renewed with approval of the Department of History. The Emory Kimbrough, Jr. Prize in Sociology and Anthropology, established in 1987 by members of the faculty in memory of Professor Emory Kimbrough, Jr. The annual prize will be made for outstanding achievement by a student majoring in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology. The George A. Mahan Awards for Creative Writing were established under the will of George A. Mahan, of Hannibal, Missouri, a Lee student, who died in 1936. Prizes are offered to the freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior who submitted the best prose work in his or her class. One prize is offered to the freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior who submitted the best verse. Rules governing the Mahan Awards competition may be secured from the Department of English. All entries must be submitted to the head of the Department of English by the announced date during the spring term. The Philip H. Milner Award is provided by the Textile Veterans Association. It is awarded annually to the rising senior majoring in administration or in economics who has achieved the highest cumulative grade-point average on all academic work attempted, beginning with the freshman year. The Clark R. Mollenhoff Award was established in 1992 by his widow, Jane S. Mollenhoff, to memorialize the extraordinary accomplishments of one of the nations most outstanding and widely respected journalists, who served on the journalism faculty at Washington and Lee for fifteen years until his death in 1991. The award is given each year to a junior journalism major at Washington and Lee who shows unusual promise and achievement. The stipend enables the award recipient to undertake a project of professional or academic merit. The award is administered by the chairman of the Department of Journalism and Mass Communications. The Noell-Eckes Award for Distinguished Service in Intercollegiate Debating is awarded annually to a member of the University Debate Team The Phi Beta Kappa Sophomore Award for Scholarship is presented annually to that sophomore who attains the highest cumulative grade-point average during his or her first three semesters at Washington and Lee. The Edward Lee Pinney Prize was established in 1981 in memory of Dr. Edward L. Pinney, who was Professor of Politics at Washington and Lee for 17 years. The prize is awarded annually to an undergraduate student who demonstrates extraordinary commitment both to personal scholarship and to the nurturing of intellectual life at Washington and Lee. Dr. William W. Pusey, III, Award was created in 1981 by the Executive Committee of the Student Body. The award is presented to the member of the faculty or administration who has made the greatest contribution to Washington and Lee University. The Rensselaer Engineering and Science Affiliated College Award for Excellence is awarded to an outstanding student in the engineering program with attention given to potential for success in an engineering-related career. If admitted to the engineering program at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, the award also carries with it a Rensselaer Scholarship to be used at R.P.I. The Ring-tum Phi Awards are administered jointly by the Publications Board and the editorial staff of the student newspaper. Under the terms of the awards, five individual plaques are presented annually to members of the University administration, faculty, staff, or student body who have rendered outstanding service to any phase of life at Washington and Lee. The Sigma Delta Chi Merit Award is presented annually by the honorary professional journalism fraternity to that graduate who attains the highest cumulative grade-point average as a graduate in the Department of Journalism and Communications. The Kenneth P. Stevens and Gary H. Dobbs, III Award was established in 1964 by the Zeta Chapter of Sigma Chi Fraternity and is conferred by the Biology Department to a senior majoring in biology or in premedicine who has demonstrated high academic standards. The Robert Stewart Award in Music was established in 1991 to honor Robert Stewart who served as Professor of Music and head of the department from 1954 to 1988. It is given each year to a graduating senior who has, in the opinion of the Music Department faculty, contributed most significantly to music at Washington and Lee. The Marcellus Henry Stow Award in Geology. M. H. Stow taught geology at Washington and Lee from 1926 to 1957. He was head of the department and an internationally know sedimentologist. During the second World War he was director of the mining division of the War Production Board. This award was established by his former students. The award is made to an outstanding geology major on the recommendation of the head of the department. The Jay W. Stull Memorial Award was established in 1968 in memory of Captain Jay W. Stull, Class of 1960, who gave his life for his country in Vietnam. The award is made upon the recommendation of the United States Marine Corps in the fall of each year to that Washington and Lee member of the Senior Marine Platoon Leaders Class who attains the highest ranking during the preceding summer camp training school. The Jim Stump Prize in German honors a devoted alumnus of the Class of 1953. It is awarded annually, at the discretion of the Department of German and Russian, to an undergraduate of exceptional achievement in German. The Algernon Sydney Sullivan Medallion. This memorial, established by the Southern Society of New York in honor of its first president, is awarded each year by vote of the Washington and Lee University faculty to that student in the graduating class who excels in high ideals of living, in spiritual qualities, and in generous and disinterested service to others. The James A. Vann, III, 61, Prize in European History was established in 1986 in memory of James A. Vann, III, by friends and former classmates. The award is to be made annually to a junior or senior submitting the best paper in the fields of modern European history or architecture. Virginia Society of Public Accountants Award. This award is a certificate awarded annually by the Virginia Society of Public Accountants to the outstanding member of the graduating class specializing in accounting. The Washington Family Descendants Scholarship Award was established in 1982 by approximately 600 members of the National Society for the purpose of promoting and supporting scholarship in the field of American history. The award ranges between $250 and $500 and is made annually to the rising senior history major who attains the highest grade-point average following his or her first three years of study. Selection is made by the head of the History Department. The Maxwell P. Wilkinson Scholarship in English was established in 1988 by Mary Vail Wilkinson of Stamford, Connecticut, in memory of her father, a member of the Class of 1928. The scholarship is to be awarded, without consideration of financial need, to a major in the Department of English, who is a resident of a Southern state, and who shows love of the written, read, and spoken English word. Recipients are to be nominated by the Department of English. The Warren M. Wilson Award in African History was established in 1986 by Mr. Anthony M. Wilson and Professor Henry P. Porter, Jr. An award was made for the first time at commencement in 1990, and is awarded annually to a senior for graduate study in African History. The James Robert Wingert, III, 85, Award in Accounting is a memorial award to provide an annual prize to a student selected for the Virginia Society of Public Accountants Award. The James S. Wood Prize in German is awarded annually by the German department to honor an alumnus of the class of 1965 who was killed in Vietnam. The Frank G. Young Award in Geology was established by the geology department in 1989 in honor of Frank G. Young, a former student and trustee of the University. The award is made to geology majors in recognition of exceptional excellence in academic performance in geology courses. HISTORICAL BENEFACTIONS (Listed in Approximate Chronological Order) George Washington. George Washington was the first notable benefactor of the institution, having given James River Canal stock to the University in 1796. Among the hosts who have befriended Washington and Lee University during the period since 1796 up until World War II are the following: The Society of the Cincinnati in Virginia. This group of former officers of the Continental Army voted to present the institution with a substantial accumulated fund in 1802. John Robinson. This Irish immigrant boy, soldier of the Revolution, bequeathed to the University his entire estate, received upon his death in 1826. The McCormick Family. One of the first friends to come to the aid of General Lee in his presidency was the Virginia-born inventor, Cyrus H. McCormick, then of Chicago, subsequently a member of the Board of Trustees for the last twenty years of his life. Mr. McCormick gave generously to the University in his lifetime. Later, Mrs. McCormick and other members of the family made a contribution to the University, and at the death of Cyrus H. McCormick II, his sons Cyrus and Gordon McCormick made another allocation from a fund which their father had left for the benefit of education. Warren Newcomb. The interest of this distinguished businessman of New Orleans and New York, begun in the days of Lees administration, led ultimately to the gift of Newcomb Hall by Mrs. Newcomb in memory of her husband. Thomas A. Scott. Mr. Scott, then president of Pennsylvania Railroad and formerly Assistant Secretary of War under President Lincoln, gave, during the incumbency of Lee, a series of munificent gifts. George Peabody. The great Massachusetts philanthropist, warm admirer of General Lee, made a considerable donation to the University. W. W. Corcoran. The distinguished philanthropist of Washington, D.C., made numerous contributions including an invaluable collection of books as well as cash donations. Rathmell Wilson. This famous scientist of Philadelphia sent, early in Lees administration, a collection of several thousand books to repair in some measure the effect produced by its (the Northern Armys) excessive destructiveness. Other Friends of Lee. Men as widely varied as Henry Ward Beecher of New York, Samuel J. Tilden of the same city, and Robert H. Bayley of New Orleans, made generous contributions to the University during the days of General Lees administration. Vincent L. Bradford. This Philadelphia lawyer endowed a professorship of law, and left to the University his private collection of paintings. General Custis Lee. After twenty-six years in the presidency of the institution, this son of Robert E. Lee left a generous bequest which was used to endow the chair of modern languages. William Lyne Wilson Fund. Upon the death of William Lyne Wilson, president from 1897 to 1900 (Postmaster General of the United States under President Grover Cleveland), a group of his distinguished friends among whom were Grover Cleveland; John D. Rockefeller; Isidor Straus; Thomas Fortune Ryan; Anson Phelps Stokes; William C. Whitney, Secretary of the Navy; Charles S. Fairchild, Secretary of the Treasury; David R. Francis, Secretary of the Interior; Daniel S. Lamont, Secretary of War; Richard Olney, Secretary of State; Hoke Smith, Senator from Georgia; H. A. Herbert, Secretary of the Navy; and many other prominent Americans, raised a memorial fund to endow the professorships of economics, political science, and commerce. Susan P. Lees. In 1904 Mrs. Lees, of New York, donated money to erect the Lees Dormitory, now the south wing of the freshman dormitory. The General Education Board. In a campaign for added endowment, begun in 1919, the General Education Board of New York City raised a large sum of money for the University. Robert P. Doremus. The will of Mr. Doremus of New York, who died in 1913, provided that upon the death of Mrs. Doremus his entire estate should come to the University. This bequest was received in 1936. George W. St. Clair. Member of the Board of Trustees for thirty-eight years, and for a long time its rector, this devoted friend in 1931 and 1932 contributed toward the endowment of the chair of Bible. Following the death of Mr. St. Clair, members of his family have augmented this endowment by additional gifts. Clara Davidson Estill. In 1916, Mrs. Estill, in return for an annuity, deeded to the University a residential area of about fifteen acres, now known as Davidson Park. Alice H. White. Mrs. White of Radford, who died in 1932, bequeathed her entire estate to the University. Isabelle W. Brown and Mrs. Joel W. Goldsby. These sisters, daughters of the late Professor J. J. White, in 1931 gave the University the ruins of Liberty Hall Academy, together with a small tract of land to be developed ultimately into a historical park. Thomas H. H. Patterson. This Philadelphia lawyer bequeathed to the University money and property chiefly for the benefit of the library. Andrew Carnegie. Mr. Carnegie gave the larger part of the money for the original University library, later remodeled into the McCormick Library, and most recently renovated to house The School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics. William H. Reid. This citizen of Chicago gave a generous amount of money that was used in the construction of Reid Hall. Lucy Anderson. Mrs. Anderson gave to the University a fund to be applied on the purchase of a pipe organ in memory of her son, Herbert, a devoted alumnus. John Barton Payne. Judge Payne, who died in 1935, made the University one of three heirs to his residuary estate. William R. Perkins. William R. Perkins, a distinguished alumnus who died in 1945, bequeathed to the University a substantial gift to be used for general endowment. Jessie Ball duPont. Through gifts made in 1940 and 1958, this influential friend of education and youth established a trust fund in memory of her husband, Alfred I. duPont. The income from the fund is used for scholarships as explained in the Endowed Scholarships section of this catalogue. From 1946 to 1948 Mrs. duPont established a fund in memory of her father, Thomas Ball. The income from this foundation is used to give recognition to six faculty members who have distinguished themselves through scholarship, effective teaching, or outstanding service. In 1949 and 1950 Mrs. duPont made further contributions to irrevocable future benefits, an individual interest in the Jessie Ball duPont General Trust, and in 1950, 1951, and 1952 she made further contributions of irrevocable future benefits, an undivided interest in the Jessie Ball duPont Second General Trust. In 1951 Mrs. duPont made a special emergency gift toward the current expenses of the University. In 1954 Mrs. duPont established the Jessie Ball duPont-Francis P. Gaines Fund with a contribution, the income from which is to be used, one-half for augmenting the salaries of faculty members and administrators, and one-half for scholarships to worthy students to be selected by the president of the University in consultation with an appropriate faculty committee. The Jessie Ball duPont Scholarship Fund was established by Mrs. Alfred I. (Jessie Ball) duPont in 1959 and subsequent years. The income from the fund is to be awarded as scholarships to bright and worthy students. Mrs. duPont has made additional gifts of considerable amounts for other University purposes. The Robert Lee Telford Lectureship Program was created in 1985 by Robert Lee Telford of Naples, Florida, Class of 1922 and is continued through a trust held by others which was established by Mr. Telford's estate at the time of his death in 1989. LOANS The following University loan funds, in addition to the National Direct Student Loan Program, have been established at Washington and Lee and are governed in general by the same academic and conduct requirements as those specified for scholarships. Details concerning additional loan funds available to students in the School of Law may be found in the law catalog. The James and Nan Farquhar Loan Fund was established in 1987 by James Farquhar of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, the father of James D. Farquhar, 63, and the grandfather of James Farquhar, 87. The H. Reed Johnston Loan Fund was established in 1969 by H. Reed Johnston of New York City, Class of 1928, as an emergency fund to provide short term loans to students who find themselves temporarily in need of funds during the course of the academic year. ENDOWMENT GIFTS Endowments are perpetual funds that support the general academic program of the University. These endowments honor the donor(s), or persons designated by the donor(s), and these gifts are singularly and permanently recognized here in this catalogue as the official record of their generosity. The standard for named endowment gifts is set and periodically reviewed by the Board of Trustees. The Walter H. Annenberg Endowment for the Performing Arts was established in 1990 by Ambassador Walter H. Annenberg to provide financial support for performances in the Lenfest Center for the Performing Arts. The Atlantic Richfield Corporation contributed in 1982 to the endowment for the Society and the Professions teaching program in ethics. James M. Ballengee, 48L, contributed to the endowment funds in 1981. The Anne and Edgar Basse, Jr. Endowment was created in 1988 to support the varied activities of the Universitys special collections and archival programs in the University Library. Mr. Basse is an alumnus of the Class of 1939. The John T. Bate, II and Margaret Mitchell Bate Lectureship in Demography was created in 1985 by Dr. John T. Bate, 19, of Louisville, Kentucky, in honor and memory of his parents. James A. Blalock, 37L, left a legacy to the University designated as endowment with the income to be used for Law School financial aid. John G. Boatwright, 15, made a gift in memory of his wife, Mary Archer Glass Boatwright, and their son, Dr. Robert M. Boatwright, in 1981 for endowment purposes. Frank Henry Brady, 32, a retired research engineer with Anaconda who died June 1983, left a testamentary provision to Washington and Lee University for the establishment of an endowment whose income is to be used to support and enrich the teaching of biology and chemistry. The Brown Foundation Teaching Fund in the School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics was given in 1981. The L. Palmer Brown Endowment, 30, for general purposes, was created in 1979. William O. Burtner 17, 21L, and his wife, Marceline G. Burtner made separate unrestricted bequests in 1989 and 1990. Mr. Burtners bequest was added to a special endowment to support the Universitys Leaders in Law and Commerce Program. Mrs. Burtners bequest was added to the general endowment fund. The Cadaver Endowment was committed by the C Society in 1981 to be designated as a residual fund in Cadavers name. Calvin Cafritz, 52, gave to the general endowment purposes of the University in 1978. Dr. Gustave Benz Capito, Class of 1899, shortly before his death in October 1960, created The Robert E. Lee Research Fund, the income from which is to be used to encourage a program of undergraduate student research and faculty-student research seminars. This fund was supplemented in 1961 and in subsequent years by generous gifts from the Charleston Foundation for Research (established by Dr. Capito), to fund research by the Lee Scholars on campus. H. Jackson Cary, III, 42, endowment was bequeathed in 1982 to the University for general purposes. Christopher Chenery, 09, estate designated the preliminary distributions in 1973 for endowment. Class of 1936 Historic Restoration Endowment was established by the class in 1986 in honor of its 50th reunion. The endowment supports the restoration and care of the Universitys National Historic Landmark Campus. Class of 1939 International Studies Endowment was established by the class in honor of its 50th reunion. The endowment supports an International Visiting Faculty Program and an International Student Study Program. Class of 1941 Library Endowment Fund was established in 1991 by the class in celebration of its 50th reunion. The purpose of the fund is to support the acquisition program of the University Library. The Class of 1942 50th Reunion Endowment was created by the Class of 1942 upon the occasion of its 50th reunion in 1992, and is to be used to support high-priority academic needs of the University. Given with love, the only restriction is that the fund is to be used wisely. In consultation with his deans and selected senior members of the faculty, the President of the University shall determine the use of this fund, which may be changed from time to time as needs and priorities shift. The Class of 1942 name shall be attached to those programs or persons funded through this endowment. Class of 1962 Faculty Fellows Endowment was established by the class in 1987 in honor of its 25th reunion. The endowment supports scholarship and research and professional development of the undergraduate faculty. Class of 1963 Scholars-in-Residence Program was established and permanently endowed in 1988 through gifts from members of the Class of 1963 on the occasion of their twenty-fifth anniversary reunion. The funds from this endowment enable the University to bring two or three outstanding individuals to campus each year for no less than three days each. The Class of 1963 Scholars-in-Residence are selected by the academic deans from nominations submitted by the faculty. The Scholars-in-Residence must be respected leaders from academic, political, business, or spiritual fields. Each Scholar-in-Residence delivers at least one public University lecture, makes additional classroom presentations, and participates in selected seminars with faculty and student majors. Some Scholars-in-Residence may also serve during their stays as research consultants to appropriate academic departments or individual faculty members. The primary purpose of the program is to enhance the academic and intellectual life of the University by immersing these distinguished visitors in all relevant aspects of teaching and research among the faculty and students at Washington and Lee. Class of 1964 Endowment for the Arts was established and permanently endowed in 1989 by members of the class in honor of their 25th reunion. This endowment supports performing arts productions and the Class of 1964 Fine Arts Prize. The Class of 1964 Performing Arts Productions feature performing artists on tour. These productions are normally to be presented in the Universitys Lenfest Center for the Performing Arts. To be held at least annually, these major events may be in the realm of drama, comedy, music, dance, or multimedia format. The Class of 1964 Fine Arts Prize is awarded annually to a junior or senior. The recipients names will be displayed in a public area of the Lenfest Center for the Performing Arts. Class of 1965 Endowment for Excellence in Teaching was established in 1990 by members of the class in honor of their 25th reunion. This fund annually provides special grants to selected members of the faculty in order to recognize and to promote excellence in teaching at Washington and Lee. The Class of 1966 Fellowship Fund was established in 1991 by members of the Class of 1966 in honor of their 25th reunion. The fellowship will each year support one or more professors who have shown extraordinary abilities and promise as teacher-scholars. Class of 1966 Fellows will be selected by the Dean of the College in consultation with the President's Advisory Committee. Each year the Class of 1966 Fellow will receive public recognition at an appropriate ceremony or in publications of the University. The Fred Carrington Cole Endowment Fund was established in 1991 by Dr. and Mrs. Milton Colvin to honor Fred Cole, who served as president of the University from 1959 to 1967. The fund supports the University Library. Additional gifts for this purpose have been made by family and friends of Dr. Cole. The Dr. John Cole Law School Endowment was given in 1974 by his estate in memory of his brother. The Department of Biology Distinguished Lecturer Fund was established anonymously by a friend of the University in 1990 to provide support for distinguished biologists to visit the campus for short periods of interaction with faculty and students. Jessie Ball duPont Trust has made gifts for endowment since 1978. See Historical Benefactions for related gifts. Pierre S. duPont gave an endowment in 1953 for the department of philosophy. The Endowment for Leaders in Law and Commerce was established through gifts from the Law Classes of 1950 and 1965 and through bequests from Miss Frances Denny, Mr. William Olin Burtner, 17, 21L, and Mrs. Lillian Woodley Norfleet. These generous gifts allowed the University to meet a challenge grant offered by the Arthur Vining Davis Foundations. The fund will support upper-level, intensive research seminars that will join both law and undergraduate students in the interdisciplinary study of law and business. Mrs. Arthur Kelly Evans, in addition to previous gifts, provided in her will for Washington and Lee to annually receive a generous income from a residual trust. John M. Glenn, Class of 1879, bequeathed a fund in 1950, the income from which is being used for faculty grants-in-aid. The Arthur and Margaret Glasgow Endowment Fund was bequeathed to Washington and Lee in 1955. In addition to previous gifts, the fund consisted of the endowment sum, as well as an interest in the Arthur Graham Glasgow Trust to be known as the Arthur and Margaret Glasgow Endowment in proud memory of Francis Thomas Glasgow and namesakes, the income to be used primarily to promote the art of expression by pen and tongue, including voice production and delivery. The Richard E. Gooch, 30, estate in 1975 included funds to be used for endowment purposes. The George W. Good Endowment, 23, provided funds in 1981 for general purposes. The George Edward Harris Fund, 23, was established in 1962 through the will of Mr. Harris to encourage creative writing among students. The Houston H. Harte Endowment 50, fund was established in 1975 with generous additions since that time. The William Randolph Hearst Foundation Endowment was established in 1987 to assist deserving secondary school students attending the Washington and Lee Summer Scholars Program. Paul A. Hornor, 31, in 1979 gave land, the income from which is to be used for endowment. Woodson P. Houghton Endowment was created in 1991 as a bequest from this member of the Class of 1915. The income is used for general support of the University. Dr. Aubrey A. Houser, 09, created the Robert E. Lee Endowment in 1972. Houston Oil and Minerals Corporation made a gift in 1981 to be applied to endowment purposes. The Philip Howerton, Special Fund for Programs in the Department of Religion, was established by Mrs. Philip Howerton in 1972 in memory of Philip Howerton, 25. Sidney Isenberg, 42, in 1981 created an endowment for the benefit of the Reeves Center. The Right Reverend and Mrs. Christoph Keller, 39, made a generous commitment in 1981, a portion of which was applied to the endowment funds for the Society and Professions program, and the remainder was applied to general endowment. A second gift was made in 1984 for the Hewlett-Mellon foundations challenge to create a Faculty and Curriculum Development Endowment. The John Fitzgerald Kennedy Memorial Fund was established in 1963 by an anonymous alumnus in memory of the late President. The Emory Kimbrough, Jr. Oxford Exchange Fellowship was created in 1987 by Benjamin S. Kimbrough in memory of his brother, Emory Kimbrough, Jr., who died in 1987 while serving Washington and Lee University as Professor of Sociology and head of the department. Kimbrough Fellowships are awarded to Washington and Lee participants in the exchange with University College, Oxford. The A. Paul Knight Memorial Program in Conservation was established in 1987 in memory of A. Paul Knight, a Washington and Lee student who was killed in Yellowstone National Park in June 1985. The program, developed in cooperation with the Ted Trueblood Conservation Fund, provides financial support to students who undertake internships with non-profit environmental and outdoor recreation organizations. Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Kramer, 40, established an endowment for the Society and the Professions teaching programs in ethics in 1979. The Joseph L. Lanier, Sr., Endowment Fund, 27, was established in 1971. The Robert E. Lee Undergraduate Research Program was established in 1960 through a gift from the late Dr. Gustave Benz Capito, an 1899 graduate of Washington and Lee. Income from this fund provides grants for students to pursue research projects in conjunction with or under the supervision of a professor. Recipients are known as Robert E. Lee Research Assistants or, if they have and maintain a 3.0 average, as Robert E. Lee Research Scholars. William J. Lemon, 55, 59L, made a gift in 1981 to establish the William J. Lemon Endowment. Frances and Sydney Lewis, 40, 43L, created endowment funds for the Frances Lewis Law Center in 1972. The James G. Leyburn Scholars Program in Anthropology was established in 1981 by former students and friends of James Leyburn, who served as Dean of the University from 1947 until 1955, when he returned to head the Department of Sociology and Antropology until 1967. He retired from active teaching in June of 1972. The Leyburn Scholars Program is designed to further the study of and research in anthropology by enabling the University to provide stipends supporting student research during both the academic year and the summer months. Harry Lyons, 22, in 1972 set up the Max Jacob and Jennie Natkin Lyons Memorial Fund in memory of his parents and as endowment for educational purposes. Miss Emily Boyce MacKubin of Howard County, Maryland, an admirer of General Robert E. Lee, bequeathed in her will a generous sum to the University in 1957. Mrs. Eileen D. McDaniel donated funds in 1981 for a restricted endowment to support the Leyburn Scholars in Anthropology Program. The A. Stevens Miles Library Endowment was established in 1991 by Mr. and Mrs. A. Stevens Miles of Louisville, Kentucky, to provide for the support and maintenance of the University Library. Mr. Miles, a member of the Class of 1951, is the former chairman and chief executive officer of the First Kentucky National Corporation. He was elected Rector of the Universitys Board of Trustees in 1990. R. L. Miller, 28, 30L, established an endowment in 1983 for general purposes. The Edwin A. Morris, 26, Economics Enrichment Endowment was established in 1988 by Edwin A. Morris, Class of 1926, to provide funds for teaching and related activities in the Department of Economics under the direction of the Dean of the Commerce School. Mr. and Mrs. William T. Murphy, III established the Murphy Teaching Fund in 1975. National Endowment for the Humanities made a challenge grant in support of the endowment for the Society and the Professions teaching program in ethics in 1981. Albert Newman, 24, Endowment Fund was established in 1985 under the estate of Mr. Newman of Stratford, Connecticut, and directed to the Hewlett-Mellon Presidential Discretionary Fund for Faculty and Curriculum Development. The Alston Page Parker Endowment was established in 1990 by the Williams Family Foundation of Georgia, Inc. in honor of Alston Page Parker, 89. The purpose of the endowment is to support special team activities of the Washington and Lee womens sports program. Miss Ruth Parmly made a gift in 1974 to the endowment of Washington and Lee in honor of her father, Charles Howard Parmly, and added substantially to this amount through her estate gift in 1984. John T. Perry, Jr., 41, established an endowment for general academic support in 1986. Paul D. Pickens Endowment, 17, was bequeathed by the estate of Paul D. Pickens. The John W. Poynor, M.D. Fund, established in 1976 by John W. Poynor, 62, of Birmingham, Alabama, to provide assistance for the undergraduate college. John Lee Pratt in 1976 bequeathed a major portion of his estate to Washington and Lee for student aid and faculty salaries. The Smith Richardson Foundation designated funds for endowment for the School of Journalism in honor of Dr. Henry Louis Smith in 1974. Robert W. Root, '42, established a special endowment in 1991 to support an annual lecture series on the mind. Guest speakers are selected on a rotating basis by the departments of psychology, philosophy, and religion, as well as the cognitive science program. In addition, the fund supports library acquisitions in the field of parapsychology and related studies. The Harvey W. Smith Endowment, 30, was added under the will of Harvey W. Smith in 1977. The Todd C. Smith Memorial Fellowship Fund was established in 1990 by friends of Todd Smith, 83, a reporter for The Tampa Tribune who was killed in Peru in 1989 while working independently on a story about the international drug trade. The fellowship annually provides a stipend to enable a Washington and Lee student to pursue accreditable academic work in a foreign country and to immerse himself or herself extensively in that culture. The fellows research and study are to be focused on a topic of current interest and importance; and the fellowship is expected to result in a publishable journalistic work. The Tampa Tribune will publish the fellows work if it meets the Tribunes standards and editorial needs. The competition is open to any rising junior or senior enrolled in Washington and Lee University. The award is based on how closely the application reflects Smiths interest in promoting understanding of foreign issues and cultures through journalism. The George W. Spaulding Endowment, 34, was established in 1980. The Archibald Alexander Sproul III Endowment for the School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics was created in 1978 by General Sproul, Class of 1937, to provide support for faculty development. Hatton W. Sumners Foundation established an endowment in 1981 to support the student Mock Political Convention and increased the endowment in 1984. Charles M. Switzer, 15, through his estate, created an endowment for the Department of Chemistry in 1986. The Hortense Rigby and John H. Tucker, jr. Endowment Fund was created in 1985 under the estates of Colonel and Mrs. Tucker of Shreveport, Louisiana. The endowment is further recognized by the Hortense Rigby and John H. Tucker, jr. Faculty Law Library. Return from the endowment is to be available for the general support of the Universitys academic program. The M. Theodore Van Leer Endowment, 51, was established in 1981. John M. Walbridge, 55, established an endowment for general academic support in 1986. Jonathan Westervelt Warner, 41, gave a portion of his gifts to general endowment in 1972. The James L. Webster Memorial Fund was established in 1953 by William L. Webster, 12, in memory of his father. The James W. and Celeste Whitehead Fund was established in 1991 by a gift from Gulf States Paper Corporation to provide for the care, cleaning, maintenance, transportation, and insurance concerning the William Winstanley painting of George Washington, which was a gift of Jona-than W. (Jack) Warner, 40, Chief Executive Officer of Gulf States Paper Corporation, in 1980. The Ernest Williams Endowment, 38, was established in 1980. The William Lyne Wilson II Endowment Fund, created in 1991 by a distribution from the estate of William Lyne Wilson II, 27, is devoted to the support of an annual symposium that examines topics bearing upon the exercise or expansion of political and economic freedom in the world. Entitled The William Lyne Wilson II Symposium on Political and Economic Freedom, it features guest lecturers of national distinction who join our own faculty and students on campus. Mr. and Mrs. William B. Wisdom, 21, gave for endowment purposes in 1975. The Robert R. Witt Commerce Endowment, 12, was established by Mr. and Mrs. Robert R. Witt in 1979. The William Plummer Woodley Endowment was established in 1990 through the will of his sister, Lillian Woodley Norfleet. Income from the fund that honors Mr. Woodley, JD 28, is to be used to further the objectives of the University as determined by the Board of Trustees. Frank G. Young, 66, established the Young Endowment in 1974 for the special benefit of the geology department.