FRENCH

(Department of Romance Languages)

G. W. Custis Lee Foundation

PROFESSORS FRALIN, HAMER
ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS KNUDSON, KOBERSTEIN, LAMBETH
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR RADULESCU

MAJOR IN FRENCH

A major in French leading to a Bachelor of Arts degree
requires demonstrated proficiency in listening, speaking, reading,
and writing, and completion of at least 39 credits as follows:
1. Core courses (27 credits)
a. French 261 and 262
b. One course chosen from 195, 213, 215, 250, 285,
286, and 295
c. Two courses in prerevolutionary literature chosen
from 311, 313, 314, 315, and 395
d. Two courses in postrevolutionary literature chosen
from 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, and 396
e. One seminar chosen from 380, 381, 382, 383, and
397
f. One additional course numbered 195 or above
2. Related courses (12 credits)-completion of one
of the following groups:
a. At least 12 credits in a non-Romance language or
through the intermediate level in a non-Romance language not
previously studied. Students who wish to work in French and another
Romance language are advised to see the description of the Romance
Language major below
b. 12 credits, with advance departmental approval,
for courses in art, English, history, philosophy,
politics, and literature in translation (except
258) or for any other courses pertinent to the French major,
including French literature courses numbered 195 or above and
beyond the 18 credits required in the core above

MAJOR IN ROMANCE LANGUAGES

A major in Romance Languages leading to a Bachelor of Arts
degree consists of at least 33 credits as follows:
1. Completion of the core courses for either the French
major or the Spanish major
2. Completion of the intermediate level or its equivalent
in a second Romance language (French 152, 162, or Spanish 162, 164)
3. Six credits in literature in the second language with
departmental approval
Romance Language majors need not complete the "related
courses" requirement of either the French major or the Spanish
major.

HONORS: An Honors Program in French is offered for qualified
students; see department head for details.

FRENCH 111-112 (8 or 5)*-Elementary French
Limited enrollment; departmental permission required.
Emphasis on listening comprehension and speaking, with gradual
introduction of reading and writing. Staff.
Fall-Winter

*FRENCH 151-152 (6)-Intensive Review:
Beginning and Intermediate French
Prerequisite: Departmental approval. A grammar review that
includes the development of listening, speaking, writing, and
reading skills. Students who have completed second-year proficiency
in another language may take French 151 or 152 for degree credit
with permission of the department head. Staff.
Fall-Winter

*FRENCH 161-162 (6)-Intermediate French
Prerequisite: French 112 or the equivalent in language
skills. Individualized grammar review with practical application of
listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills in the classroom.
Staff.
Fall, Winter

FRENCH 195 (3)-Topics in Conversation and Culture
Prerequisites: French 152 or 162 or equivalent and
permission of the instructor. A third-year topics course offered
when sufficient student interest is expressed and when departmental
personnel are available. Possible topics: (1) French in the
Washington and Lee media; (2) business French; (3) French
publicity; (4) French phonetics. May be repeated for credit with
permission and if the topics are different. Staff.
Fall, Winter

FRENCH 213 (3)-Conversation avancee
Prerequisites: French 152 or 162 or equivalent and
permission of the instructor. Development of speaking skills
pertaining to everyday communication. Acquisition and use of
practical vocabulary. Development of pronunciation skills. Knudson.
Spring

FRENCH 215 (3)-Atelier de composition
Prerequisites: French 152 or 162 or equivalent and
permission of the instructor. Group-oriented and personalized
instruction in written communication, including French grammar,
vocabulary and stylistics. Koberstein.
Spring

FRENCH 250 (3)-Civilisation et culture francaises
Prerequisites: French 152 or 162 or equivalent and
permission of the instructor. A study of the French people, their
history, traditions, and political and social institutions.
Lambeth, Fralin, Radulescu.
Spring

----------------------------------------------
*Students who have two or more entrance units in French will
receive the lower credit indicated toward their degree
requirements.
FRENCH 261 (3)-Conversation et composition:
cours avance
Prerequisites: French 152 or 162 or equivalent and
permission of the instructor. Further development of conversational
skills and beginning work in free composition, with such grammar
review and word study as might be necessary. Staff.
Fall

*FRENCH 262 (3)-Introduction a la
litterature francaise
Prerequisite: French 261 or equivalent. An introduction to
French literature and literary analysis based on a study of
selected masterpieces, with a thematic focus chosen by the
instructor. Possible topics include (1) Le Sublime et le grotesque
a travers les siecles; (2) Un code de l'honneur; (3) Heros et
anti-heros; (4) L'amour a travers les siecles; (5) Litterature et
censure. Staff.
Winter

FRENCH 285 (3)-Supervised Study Abroad
Prerequisites: French 152 or 162 or equivalent and
permission of the instructor. A period of direct exposure to the
language, culture, and people of France. Students live for six
weeks with French families in Paris. The program includes a broad
spectrum of cultural activities, such as lectures by native
authorities, attendance at the theatre and excursions to
Versailles, Chartres, and the Loire Valley. Not only language
majors but any students fulfilling the requirements are encouraged
to apply. Must be taken in conjunction with French 286, or with an
equivalent project carried out in Paris and sponsored by some other
department. Staff.
Spring

FRENCH 286 (3)-Supervised Study Abroad
Prerequisites: French 152 or 162 or equivalent and
permission of the instructor. Supervised academic project mutually
agreed upon beforehand by director and student, usually dealing
with some aspect of the language, literature, culture or
civilization of France. Taken in conjunction with French 285.
Staff.
Spring

FRENCH 295 (3)-Atelier avance de langue,
litterature et culture
Prerequisites: French 262 or equivalent and permission of
the instructor. A third-year topics or advanced grammar course.
Possibilities include (1) advanced French grammar, phonetics or
theme et version; (2) film production in French; (3) French
business and government. May be repeated for degree credit with
permission and if the topics are different. Staff.
Spring

*FRENCH 311 (3)-Chefs-d'oeuvre de la litterature francaise
du Moyen--ge et de la Renaissance
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: French 262. An analysis of styles and themes
in the genres of medieval and Renaissance French literature. Study
focuses on the courtly romance or short story, medieval farce,
Villon's poetry, Ronsard, Du Bellay, Rabelais' Gargantua et
Pantagruel, Jodelle's Cleopatre captive, Garnier's Les Juives, and
Montaigne's Essais. Fralin.
Fall
*[FRENCH 313 (3)-Le Theatre du dix-septiŠme siecle]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: French 262. A study of the origins of the
theatre in France and its development through the 17th century,
with emphasis on Corneille, Racine and Moliere. Fralin.

*[FRENCH 314 (3)-Prose et poesie de
la periode classique]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: French 262. A study of the development
of the novel during the 17th century supplemented by reading from
poetry and prose literature. Koberstein.

*FRENCH 315 (3)-Les Romans de l'age des lumieres
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: French 262. Readings from the prominent
novelists of the 18th century, including the philosophers Diderot,
Rousseau and Voltaire as well as popular favorites such as
Bernardin de St. Pierre and the Marquis de Sade. Koberstein.
Winter

*[FRENCH 321 (3)-La Poesie du dix-neuvieme
et du vingtieme siecle]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: French 262. A presentation and analysis of
major French poets and schools of the 19th and 20th centuries.
Radulescu.

*FRENCH 322 (3)-La Prose romantique
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: French 262. A study of the novel in France
from 1800 through the era of Hugo, Balzac and Stendhal.
Investigation of the new sentimentalism and of reaction to existing
socio-political structures as well as a definition of the romantic
hero and heroine. Knudson.
Fall

*[FRENCH 323 (3)-Le Roman francais
de 1850 a 1930]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: French 262. A study of the evolution of the
French novel from Realism through Naturalism towards a new
aesthetic in the early 20th century. Representative novelists will
include Flaubert, Zola, Gide and Proust. Lambeth.

*[FRENCH 324 (3)-Contes et nouvelles
depuis la Revolution]
(Spring 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: French 262. A partially individualized course
combining study of the French short story with development of the
skills in speaking and writing French. Hamer.

*FRENCH 325 (3)-Le Theatre francais apres 1930
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: French 262. Reading and discussion of the most
important works in this genre written between 1930 and the present
with special emphasis on Giraudoux, Sartre, Camus, and the Theatre
of the Absurd. Hamer.
Spring

*FRENCH 326 (3)-Le Roman francais aprŠs 1930
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: French 262. Reading and discussion of the most
important novels and short stories of the period, including works
of Malraux, Mauriac, Saint-Exupery, Sartre, Camus and Queneau.
Hamer.
Winter

*FRENCH 327 (3)-L'Histoire du cinema francais
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: French 262. A study of French cinema from its
origins, concentrating on the golden age in the 1930's and the
renewal of the Nouvelle Vague in the 1960's. Lambeth.
Spring

*FRENCH 328 (3)-Theatre de l'absurde,
theatre de la derision
Prerequisites: French 262 or equivalent and permission of
the instructor. Reading and discussion of some of the main
playwrights of avant-garde French theatre from Jarry to Beckett and
Ionesco. The production and performance of one of the plays studied
constitutes an important part of the course. Interested students
must contact the professor during the winter term. Radulescu.
Spring

*FRENCH 380 (3)-Pagnol par rapport a Moliere
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: Nine credits chosen from courses numbered
between 311 and 328. A seminar emphasizing imagery and Molieresque
elements in plays and novels of Marcel Pagnol. Study focuses on
Pagnol's major works and on a selection of Moliere's plays not
examined in French 313. Fralin.
Winter

*FRENCH 381 (3)-Questions onomastiques
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Nine credits chosen from courses numbered
between 311 and 328. A survey of the development of French
literature from the Renaissance to the 20th century focused on the
functioning of the proper name. Koberstein.
Fall

*[FRENCH 382 (3)-Le Theatre francais, 1700-1930]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: Nine credits chosen from courses numbered
between 311 and 328. The development of the French theatre during
the 18th and 19th centuries, from the romantic drama of Hugo and
Musset to the plays of the "Theatre Libre." Hamer.

*[FRENCH 383 (3)-Nouveau Roman et Nouvelle
Vague]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: Nine credits chosen from courses numbered
between 311 and 328. A study of the esthetic principles of the
avant-garde in French literature and cinema of the 1950s and 1960s.
Authors considered include Sarraute, Duras, Robbe-Grillet and
Butor; directors will include Bresson, Resnais, Truffaut and
Godard. Lambeth.

* FRENCH 395 (3)-Lectures prerevolutionnaires
A study of French literary works before 1789, with the
particular topic chosen by instructor or students. May be offered
when sufficient student interest is expressed and when departmental
personnel are available. May be repeated for degree credit with
permission and if the topics are different. Staff.
Fall, Winter, Spring

* FRENCH 396 (3)-Lectures postrevolutionnaires
Readings in literature of the 19th and 20th centuries, with
topic chosen by instructor or students. May be offered when
sufficient student interest is expressed and departmental personnel
are available. May be repeated for degree credit with permission
and if the topics are different. Staff.
Fall, Winter, Spring

* FRENCH 397 (3)-Seminaire avance
Prerequisite: Nine credits chosen from courses numbered
between 311 and 328. Topic chosen by instructor or student. May be
offered when sufficient student interest is expressed and
departmental personnel are available. May be repeated for degree
credit with permission and if the topics are different. Staff.
Fall, Winter, Spring

FRENCH 403 (3)-Directed Individual Study
Prerequisites: At least nine credits of 300-level French and
permission of the instructor. Nature and content of course to be
determined by students' needs and by instructors acquainted with
their earlier preparation and performance. May be repeated for
degree credit with permission and if the topics are different.
Staff.
Fall, Winter, Spring

FRENCH 493 (3-3)-Honors Thesis
Interested students should see a member of the French
faculty by winter term of their junior year.
Fall-Winter
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GEOLOGY

Robinson Foundation


PROFESSORS SPENCER, KOZAK, SCHWAB
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR HARBOR

MAJORS

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

A major in geology leading to a Bachelor of Science degree
consists of 50 credits as follows:
1. Geology 160, 210, 310, 330, 350, and a comprehensive
examination in geology; Chemistry 111, 112; Physics 108, 109
2. Geology 247 or 340
3. Additional courses to bring the total to 50 must be
selected from among Biology 110; Geology 108, 209, 247, 275, 340,
373, 376 (or an approved summer field course), 395, 396, 397, and
472 (four credits) or 493 (six credits).

Additional courses required as prerequisites for completion
of the above include Geology 100 or 101 and Mathematics 101.

Independent majors in geophysics or engineering geology may
be developed with guidance from the Geology Department for students
interested in these areas of study.

BACHELOR OF ARTS

A major in geology leading to a Bachelor of Arts degree
requires 40 credits as follows:
1. At least 26 credits in geology including at least 16
credits numbered 200 or above
2. Additional courses must be selected from among
Accounting 201, 202; Biology 110 or higher; Chemistry 111 or
higher; Computer Science 110 or higher; Economics 101, 102, 201;
all engineering; all geology; Management 201, 221; all mathematics;
Philosophy 108; Physics 108 or higher; Politics 230, 232.

A major in environmental studies in geology is designed to
provide general background in environmental studies with emphasis
on geological aspects of the field. Graduate program in
environmental studies and environmental sciences are offered at
many universities. Some of the programs are centered around
particular disciplines such as geology, geography, ecology,
engineering, or oceanography. Some are concerned with public policy
issues such as land use planning; others are truly
interdisciplinary. Students who expect to undertake scientific work
in environmental geology should complete the geology major leading
to a Bachelor of Science degree. Students with an interest in
environmental issues are advised to define their interests as
precisely as possible and to consult with faculty members regarding
major and course selection.
The major in environmental studies in geology leading to a
Bachelor of Arts degree requires 40 credits as follows:
1. Geology 100 or 101
2. Geology 135, 160, 201, 247, and 340
3. Geology 397 or 472 (four credits) or 493 (six credits)
on an environmental topic
4. Additional courses must be selected from among Biology
110, 171, 172, 212, 214; Chemistry 111; Economics 101, 102 (or 301
if not having taken 101 or 102), 120; Geology 146, 210, 275, 310,
330, 350; Philosophy 108; Politics 230, 232.

HONORS: An Honors Program in geology is offered for
qualified students; see department head for details.

*GEOLOGY 100 (4)-General Geology
with Field Emphasis
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Same as Geology
101 with special emphasis on field study in the region near
Lexington. Contact the instructor for additional information. No
credit for students who have completed Geology 101. Laboratory
course. Spencer and Harbor.
Fall

*GEOLOGY 101 (4)-General Geology
The study of our physical environment and the processes
shaping it. The materials and structure of the earth's crust, the
origin of the landforms, the concept of geologic time, and the
nature of the earth's interior are considered. No credit for
students who have completed Geology 100. Laboratory course. Staff.
Fall, Winter

*GEOLOGY 102 (3)-History and
Evolution of the Earth
An introductory examination of the origin and physical
evolution of the earth as inferred from the rock record. Areas of
particular emphasis include: (1) the origin of the solar system and
differentiation of the planets; (2) the evolution of the
terrestrial atmosphere and hydrosphere; (3) explanations for the
development of life; (4) organic evolution and interpretations of
"mass extinctions"; (5) the changing configuration of continental
blocks and ocean basins by continental drift, sea-floor spreading,
and plate tectonics; and (6) the growth of continental blocks and
their mountain systems. Schwab.
Winter

*GEOLOGY 104 (3)-Planetary Geology
Large scale geological features of the earth will be
examined and compared with surface features visible on images of
other planets and planetary satellites of the solar system.
Features examined include those resulting from volcanism, impact
cratering, and structure; eolian, fluvial, glacial and periglacial
processes; and mass movement. The composition of terrestrial and
lunar rocks and extraterrestrial objects is examined. Models of the
origin and evolution of planets and their satellites are discussed.
Kozak.
Spring

*GEOLOGY 108 (3)-Origin and Evolution of Life
A general survey of the science of paleontology summarizing
the changing character of the biosphere over the past four billion
years as documented by the fossil record. Major topics include the
chemical origin of early organisms; the Cambrian explosion of
skeletonization and the Paleozoic conquest of land; mass
extinctions; the interplay between the biosphere, atmosphere and
hydrosphere; and the use of the fossil record for tracking the
origin, development and physical distribution of ancient
continental blocks and ocean basins. Students desiring experience
in recognition and practical identification from the fossil record
should register concurrently for Geology 209. Schwab.
Fall

*GEOLOGY 135 (1)-Meteorology
A brief survey of weather and climate including the physical
properties of air, planetary circulation, storms, and weather
forecasting. Spencer.
Winter

*[GEOLOGY 140 (3)-Geology of National Parks]
An introduction to the regional geologic phenomena of the
United States. Many of the national parks, which are chosen for
rare geologic conditions, are studied through readings, maps and
photographs. Emphasis is on parks covering formative geologic
processes, including stream erosion (Grand Canyon, Bryce Canyon),
volcanic activity (Mt. Rainier, Hawaiian Volcanoes), glaciation
(Rocky Mountain, Glacier Bay), groundwater action (Mammoth Cave)
and tectonic uplift (Grand Tetons, Smokey Mountains). Assignments
include written reports, map evaluations, and interpretive
projects. Optional overnight field trip to the Shenandoah National
Park. Harbor.

*[GEOLOGY 146 (3)-Geology of Natural Resources]
Prerequisite: Geology 100 or 101. Geology and geography of
mineral, fuel, soil, and water resources. Exploitation techniques,
patterns of distribution and use, and environmental aspects are
considered.

*[GEOLOGY 150 (3)-Water Resources]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: Geology 100 or 101. A seminar examining the
quality and quantity of water resources as a limiting factor for
future generations. Issues include resource depletion, pollution,
historical use and abuse, remediation, and habitat maintenance.
Resource constraints are analyzed from a scientific perspective in
order to understand or predict water resource problems and
solutions. Harbor.

*GEOLOGY 160 (3)-Field Geology
Prerequisite: Geology 100 or 101. An introduction to the
study of geology in the field with special attention to the methods
used by geologists to make, record, and interpret field
observations. The course includes study of and field trips in the
central Appalachian region.
Spring

*GEOLOGY 195 (1)-Selected Topics
Selected topical coverage of various subject areas in
geology of particular interest for reasons of timeliness, general
interest, etc. The topic selected will vary from year to year and
be announced in advance of the registration period. Impact and
extinction of the dinosaurs, geology of natural resources, computer
applications in geology, climatology, and geologic consideration in
land use planning are among topics previously studied. May be
repeated for a maximum of four degree credits with permission and
in different topics. Staff.
Winter

*GEOLOGY 201 (3)-Oceanography
Prerequisite: Geology 100 or 101 or Biology 110 or Chemistry
111 or Physics 108. Introduction to physical oceanography and
marine geology; tides, waves, currents, and the interaction of
oceans and atmosphere, submarine landscapes; and sedimentary,
volcanic, and tectonic activity in the ocean basins. Spencer.
Winter

GEOLOGY 209 (1)-Laboratory Study of the Fossil
Record
Prerequisite or corequisite: Geology 108. Examination of the
fossilized remains of representative species of major groups of
organisms. Emphasis is given to those organisms which, due to
uneven distribution in the record, are particularly useful in
interpreting the age and setting of ancient rocks. Schwab.
Fall

*GEOLOGY 210 (4)-Mineralogy
Prerequisite: Geology 100 or 101. A study of the
crystallography, optics, chemistry, structure, and occurrence of
minerals. Laboratory work on mineral hand specimen identification,
crystallography, use of the petrographic microscope, X-ray powder
diffraction, and SEM/EDS analytical techniques. Laboratory course.
Kozak.
Fall

*GEOLOGY 247 (4)-Geomorphology
Prerequisite: Geology 100 or 101. Investigation of
landforms from maps, aerial photographs, digital data, and the
analysis of the surficial processes by which they are formed.
Laboratory activities include identification and interpretation of
topography, field measurements of landscape form and process, and
a required weekend field trip. Laboratory course. Harbor.
Fall

[GEOLOGY 275 (3)-Introductory Geophysics]
(Next offered Fall 1996)
Prerequisite: Geology 100 or 101 or Physics 108. A review
of the geophysical methods used to study the interior of the earth,
the magnetic field, isostasy, and earthquake seismology. Attention
is given to the methods used in geophysics to collect and analyze
data. A gravimeter, a magnetometer, seismic refraction and
electrical resistivity equipment are used to collect field data.
The data, corrections, and interpretations are incorporated into a
technical report for each of the four surveys. Spencer.

GEOLOGY 310 (4)-Igneous and Metamorphic
Petrology
Prerequisite: Geology 210. A study of the origin,
classification, occurrence and evolution of silicate systems
germane to igneous and metamorphic rocks. Laboratory involves
characterization of igneous and metamorphic rocks in hand specimen,
in thin section, and by chemical analysis. Laboratory course.
Kozak.
Winter

GEOLOGY 330 (4)-Sedimentation and Stratigraphy
Properties, origins, and dynamics of sediments and
sedimentary rocks. Correlation, organization, and historical
interpretation of the sedimentary rock record. Field and laboratory
analyses of sedimentary rocks. Laboratory course. Schwab.
Winter

GEOLOGY 340 (4)-Hydrology
Prerequisites: Geology 100 or 101. Systems and processes of
water movement on and below the earth's surface. Encompasses the
theoretical and applied aspects of stream modification, flooding,
sediment transport, groundwater movement, and water well use.
Numerical evaluation of flow properties from field and lab data
describing water movement in soils, aquifers, and streams.
Laboratory course. Harbor.
Winter

[GEOLOGY 350 (4)-Structural Geology and
Tectonics]
(Next offered Winter 1997)
Prerequisites: Geology 160 and Mathematics 101. Description
and methods of analysis of large and small scale structural
features of the Earth's crust. Rock and soil mechanics, application
of structural geology in environmental engineering and resource
exploration, structural analysis of satellite imagery, plate
tectonics, geometric techniques used in structural analysis,
interpretation of geologic maps, and the structural development of
mountain systems. Laboratory course. Spencer.

GEOLOGY 373 (3), 376 (6)-Advanced Field Study
Prerequisite or Corequisite: Geology 160 and permission of
the instructor. The emphasis and location of the study area will
differ from year to year. Information will be made available by the
end of the fall term. Staff.
Spring

GEOLOGY 395 (1), 396 (2), 397 (3)-Seminar
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. The title, term
of meeting, and credits for seminars will be announced to all
geology majors. May be repeated for degree credit with permission
and if the topics are different. A seminar devoted to environmental
studies is offered each winter. Staff.
Winter

GEOLOGY 401 (1), 402 (2), 403 (3)-Directed
Individual Study
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Advanced work
and reading in topics selected by the instructor and meeting the
special needs of advanced students. This course may be repeated for
degree credit with permission and if the topics are different.
Staff.
Fall, Winter, Spring

GEOLOGY 472 (2-2)-Senior Research Thesis
Candidates for the Bachelor of Science degree in geology are
urged to undertake research on a field or laboratory problem which
can lead to the presentation of a senior thesis. Work on this
project should be started in the spring term of the junior year.
Interested students should consult members of the faculty who will
help define the problem and provide guidance during research.
Fall-Winter

GEOLOGY 493 (3-3)-Honors Thesis
Fall-Winter

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GERMAN

(Department of German and Russian)

PROFESSORS CROCKETT, DICKENS
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR YOUNGBLOOD
LECTURER FOLLO

MAJOR

A major in German language leading to a Bachelor of Arts
degree requires at least 39 credits as follows:
1. German 262 (or an approved substitute in German
language or a cognate field), 311, 312, 332, 334
2. Six credits from German 303 or from German 301 and 302
3. German 347 or 349
4. Six additional credits in literature chosen from the
following: German 313, 314, 315, 316, 318, 320, 321 (if topic is
literary), 325
5. The remaining credits must be taken from a list of
approved courses, available from the department, with no more than
six credits in any one discipline.
6. Students must pass an oral proficiency examination
conducted by the department before or during their last term prior
to graduation.

A major in German literature leading to a Bachelor of Arts
degree requires at least 39 credits as follows:
1. German 262 (or an approved substitute in German
language or a cognate field)
2. Six credits from German 303 or from German 311 and 312
3. Three credits in each of the following four groups:
German 313 or 315 German 347 or 349
German 314 or 316 German 395 or 396
4. Six additional credits in literature chosen from the
following: German 313, 314, 315, 316, 318, 320,
321 (if topic is literary), 325, 347, 349, 395, 396
5. The remaining credits must be taken from a list of
approved courses, available from the department, with no more than
six credits in any one discipline.
6. Students must pass a literature proficiency examination
conducted by the department before or during their last term prior
to graduation

HONORS: Qualified students may become candidates for Honors
in German as early as the first term of their junior year; see
department head for details.

GERMAN 111-112 (8 or 5)*-Elementary
A course in elementary German which emphasizes the spoken
language as well as grammar and reading. Staff.
Fall-Winter

GERMAN 115 (3)-Elementary
Prerequisite: German 111-112 or the equivalent. The course
is designed to provide training in German conversation for students
as a transition from the elementary to the intermediate level.
Staff.
Spring

*GERMAN 261-262 (8)-Intermediate
Prerequisite: German 111-112 or German 115 or the
equivalent. Emphasis on listening comprehension and
speaking as well as reading and writing. The course also offers the
student some acquaintance with German literature and culture.
Staff.
Fall-Winter

GERMAN 301 (3)-German Conversation
Prerequisite: German 261-262 or permission of the
instructor. An intensive course stressing development of active
German skills through conversation and some writing on cultural and
practical subjects. Especially recommended for the student with a
background in reading German who plans further study of active
German. Staff.
Spring

GERMAN 302 (3)-Business German
Prerequisite: German 262 or equivalent. Acquisition of
specific vocabulary necessary to transact business in Germany or
with German speakers. Readings in manufacturing, marketing, banking
and the organization of the European community. Business letter and
resume writing. Taught in German. Crockett.
Spring

GERMAN 303 (6 or 3-3)-Supervised Study Abroad
Prerequisites: German 261-262 with grade of B or better and
an average of B in all German courses taken; or permission of the
department; and approval of the Foreign Study Committee. A period
of direct exposure to the language, culture, and people of Germany.
A training period on campus precedes residence with German families
in Germany. The program includes supervised academic projects,
lectures by native authorities, and other cultural activities.
Additional details of the program, including some of special
interest to students not majoring in German, are available from the
department. Youngblood.
Spring

GERMAN 311 (3)-Advanced German
Prerequisite: German 261-262 or equivalent. Following a
study of German phonology and the components of advanced German
grammar, the course emphasizes spoken German, accompanied by
written exercises. Young-blood.
Fall

GERMAN 312 (3)-Advanced German
Prerequisites: German 303, 311 or departmental permission.
A continuing course of advanced German with emphasis on the written
language through composition and a study of stylistics. Advanced
conversational material is drawn from topics relevant to
contemporary life in the German-speaking world. Youngblood.
Winter


-------------------------------------------------
*Students with two or more entrance units in German will receive
the lower number of credits indicated.
*GERMAN 313 (3)-German Literature, 1800-1850
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: German 261-262 or equivalent. The various
phases of Romanticism. Tieck, Wackenroder, Brentano, Heine,
Eichendorff, and E. T. A. Hoffmann are among the authors treated.
Dickens.
Fall

*GERMAN 314 (3)-20th-Century Fiction
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: German 313, or German 315, or departmental
permission. Thomas Mann, Kafka, Hesse, and Grass are among the
authors treated. Conducted in German. Crockett.
Winter

*[GERMAN 315 (3)-German Literature, 1850-1900]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: As for German 313. Realism, Poetic Realism,
and Naturalism. Grillparzer, Fontane, Keller, Storm, Meyer, and
Hauptmann are among the authors read; study of the ballad as a
literary form. Dickens.

*[GERMAN 316 (3)-20th-Century Drama
and Poetry]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: As for German 314. Kaiser, Brecht,
Duerrenmatt, Frisch and Rilke are among the authors treated.
Conducted in German. Crockett.

*[GERMAN 318 (3)-German Medieval and
Renaissance Literature]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: As for German 347 or permission of the
instructor. An examination of selected works and a study of
literary history through the 16th century. Medieval literary
readings include the Hildebrandslied, Nibelungenlied, Parzival,
and Tristan as well as the Minnesang. Consideration is also given
to the history of the German literary language during the period
covered. Conducted in German. Staff.

*GERMAN 320 (3)-German Literature of the
17th and 18th Centuries
(Alternate years)
(Baroque and Aufklarung)
Prerequisite: As for German 347 or permission of the
instructor. A study of representative works from the 17th and the
first half of the 18th centuries together with the literary history
of the period and the history of the literary language. Conducted
in German. Staff.
Winter

*GERMAN 321 (3)-Seminar: Special Topics in
German Literature or Language
Prerequisite: German 261-262 or equivalent. The focus shifts
annually from the examination of a specific period or author to a
study of a specified genre such as the lyric or the Novelle. May be
repeated for degree credit with permission and if the topics are
different. This course meets the general education requirements in
literature only when the topic is literary (area 3).
Spring
GERMAN 325 (3)-Highlights of German Civilization
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: As for German 347 or permission of the
instructor. A survey of significant developments in German
civilization, particularly in the fields of history, art, and
architecture. The course complements purely literary study
undertaken in other courses and deepen the student's understanding
and appreciation of both literary work and actual study or travel
in Germany. Conducted in German. Dickens.
Fall

GERMAN 332 (3)-Performing German
Prerequisite: German 262 or permission of the instructor.
The reading, interpretation, preparation and performance of one or
more German language dramas. Crockett.
Winter

GERMAN 334 (3)-History of the German Language
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: At least one 300-level German literature
course or permission of the instructor. Survey of the most
significant phonetic and lexical developments of the German
language since the emergence of Germanic from Indo-European.
Phonetic structure of modern German. Taught in German. Staff.
Winter, Spring

*GERMAN 347-Goethe and Schiller (I)
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: Any two of the following courses: German 313,
314, 315, 316. A study of works different from those in German 349
by the two main German men of letters, specifically dramas, lyric
and philosophical poetry, and selected prose. Critical attention is
paid to the role of myth in Goethe's and history in Schiller's
dramas. (Main work: Wallenstein.) Conducted in German. Young-blood.

*[GERMAN 349 (3)-Goethe and Schiller (II)]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: As for German 347. A study of works different
from those in German 347 by the two main German men of letters,
specifically dramas, lyric and philosophical poetry. Critical
attention is paid to the role of legend in Goethe's Faust (the main
work read) and plays by Schiller. Conducted in German. Youngblood.

*GERMAN 395 (3)-Seminar
Prerequisite: German 347 or 349 or departmental permission.
A seminar on a particular author, period, or genre. The subject
changes annually. May be repeated for degree credit with permission
and if the topics are different. Conducted in German.
Winter

*GERMAN 396 (3)-Seminar
Prerequisite: German 347 or 349 or departmental permission.
Similar to German 395 but with a different topic. The subject
changes annually. May be repeated for degree credit with permission
and if the topics are different. Conducted in German.
Spring


GERMAN 403 (3)-Directed Individual Study
Prerequisites: Six credits in German at the 300 level and
permission of the department. A course that permits students to
follow a program of directed reading or research. The nature and
content of the course will be determined by their needs and by the
instructors acquainted with their earlier preparation and
performance. May be repeated for degree credit with permission and
if the topics are different. Staff.
Fall, Winter, Spring

GERMAN 493 (3-3)-Honors Thesis
Fall-Winter

------------------------------------------------
GREEK
(Department of Classics )

Corcoran-Peabody Foundation

PROFESSOR TAYLOR
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PELLICCIARO

GREEK 101 (3 or 0)*-Elementary Greek: Phonology and
Morphology
Greek stem formation and inflection and the basic syntax of
the moods, tenses, and cases. Pellicciaro.
Fall

GREEK 102 (3)-Elementary Greek: Syntax
Prerequisite: Greek 101. Greek syntax through readings from
Plato and drills based on the readings. Some considerations on the
problem of translating philosophical language. Pellicciaro.
Winter

GREEK 103 (3)-Post-Classical Greek
Prerequisite: Greek 102. Analyses of the phonology,
morphology and syntax of Greek Texts from the Hellenistic, Roman
and Medieval periods. Readings include selections from the
Septuagint Bible and the New Testament as well as from the works of
secular authors. Pellicciaro.
Spring

GREEK 201 (3)-Sophocles
Prerequisite: Greek 102. An introduction to Greek drama.
Reading of a play by Sophocles with an analysis of its language and
form. Considerations on the problem of translating verse and of
transposing dramatic actions. Staff.
Fall

*GREEK 202 (3)-Homer
Prerequisite: Greek 201. An introduction to the language of
Homer and to the Greek oral and written tradition; a reading of The
Odyssey in Greek and through translation. Staff.
Winter

*[GREEK 301 (3)-Tragedy]
(Fall 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: Greek 202 or permission. A study of the Greek
dramatists through close textual analysis; readings from ancient
and modern theatrical writers and theories. Staff.

*[GREEK 302 (3)-The Greek Philosophers]
(Winter 1998 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: Same as for Greek 301. Readings in Greek and
English from the corpus of Greek philosophical works, including the
pre-Socratic fragments, Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoics and
Epicureans. Staff.
---------------------------------------------------
*Students who have two or more entrance units in Greek will receive
the lower credit indicated toward their degree requirements.
*[GREEK 303 (3)-Old and Middle Comedy]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: Same as for Greek 301. A study of the comic
tradition in general and of Greek comedy in particular. Readings in
Greek and English from Aristophanes and from the corpus of ancient
and modern comic plays. Staff.

*[GREEK 304 (3)-Ancient Characterization]
(On demand only: Spring)
Prerequisite: Same as for Greek 301. Ideas of character in
New Comedy, romance, satire, and historical, moralistic and
biographical narrative. Readings in Greek and English from
Menander, Theophrastus, late Euripides and Aristophanes, Xenophon,
the Alexander histories, ancient novellas, Lucian and Plutarch.
Staff.

*GREEK 305 (3)-Homer
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: Same as for Greek 301. A study of the Homeric
epics and their place in Greek art and life; a reading in Greek and
English of The Iliad; and a study through translations of the
Hesiodic and later epics. Staff.
Winter

*[GREEK 306 (3)-The Greek Historians]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: Same as for Greek 301. Herodotus and
Thucydides through Greek texts and English translations; Greek
historiography and its relationship to tragic, epic and
philosophical literature. Staff.

GREEK 307 (3)-The Rhetorical Theorists and
the Sophists
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: Same as for Greek 301. The philosophical
grounds of the sophistic movement and the effect of the movement on
fifth- and fourth-century life; readings in Greek and English from
the early experiments in and the later theoretical writers on
rhetoric. Staff.
Fall

[GREEK 308 (3)-The Orators]
(On demand only: Spring)
Prerequisite: Same as for Greek 301. Readings in Greek and
English from the political and juridical writers of the fourth
century with studies in fourth-century history. Staff.

GREEK 401 (1), 402 (2), 403 (3)-Directed
Individual Study
May be repeated for degree credit with permission and if the
topics are different.
Fall, Winter, Spring

GREEK 421 (1), 422 (2), 423 (3)-Directed
Individual Research
May be repeated for degree credit with permission and if the
topics are different.
Fall, Winter, Spring

------------------------------------------------

HISTORY

PROFESSORS McAHREN, CECIL, FUTCH,
JARRETT, JEANS, MACHADO,
MERCHANT, PORTER, SANDERS
ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS BIDLACK, PARKER,
SENECHAL
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DeLANEY

MAJOR

A major is fulfilled upon completion of at least 39 credits
in history among which the following are required:
1. At least six credits from the 100-level courses
(except 190), preferably taken during the freshman or sophomore
years*
2. At least 27 credits in history courses numbered 300 or
above. Fifteen of these credits must be in one of the following
fields of concentration:
a. Europe and Russia (300-329)
b. United States, Canada, and Latin America
(330-369). Because of the accessibility of primary materials in
American history, the 15 credits must include at least three
courses chosen from History 331, 342, 344, 346, and 347
c. Asia, Russia, Islam, and Africa (370-389 and
320-323)

HONORS: An Honors Program in history is offered for
qualified students; see department head for details.

INTRODUCTORY

*HISTORY 101 (3)-European Civilization, 1500-1789
The rise of capitalism, Renaissance and Reformation, the age
of absolutism, and the Enlightenment. Open only to freshmen and
sophomores. Staff.
Fall

*HISTORY 102 (3)-European Civilization, 1789
to the Present
The French Revolution and Napoleon, the age of Metternich,
the era of nationalism, the rise of socialism, imperialism, and the
two world wars. Open only to freshmen and sophomores. Staff.
Winter

*HISTORY 103 (3)-Modern China: The Road
to Revolution
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. The Opium Wars;
the 19th-century reform movements and popular rebellions; Sun
Yat-sen and the Chinese Republic; warlordism; Chiang Kai-shek and
the Kuomintang; the rise to power of Mao Zedong and the Chinese
Communists; the People's Republic of China. Jeans.
Fall

--------------------------------------------------
*Rising sophomores who have a B average in six credits of 100-level
courses are eligible to enroll in some 300-level courses subject to
the permission of the instructor and the department.


*HISTORY 104 (3)-The Rise of Modern Japan
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. The fall of the
Tokugawa shogunate; the Meiji Restoration; the rise of Japanese
imperialism; the growth of party government; the road to Pearl
*arbor; the post-war occupation; recovery and prosperity since the
war. Jeans.
Winter

*HISTORY 107 (3)-History of the United States
to 1876
The colonial period, the American Revolution, the formation
of the Constitution, the rise of parties, western expansion, the
slavery controversy, sectionalism, secession, Civil War and
Reconstruction. Staff.
Fall

*HISTORY 108 (3)-History of the United States since 1876
Industrialization and urbanization, the closing of the
Frontier, the New South, the Gilded Age, Progressivism, World War
I, the Twenties, the New Deal, World War II, post war adjustment
and emergence of the Cold War, the Civil Rights movement, Vietnam,
Watergate, participation in the world economy, conservative
reaction, end of the Cold War. Staff.
Winter

*HISTORY 109 (3)-History of the Ancient Near East
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. The origins of
civilization, the bronze age ideology and the ancient near eastern
kingdoms; Crete, Mycenaean Greece and relations with High Barbary;
the decay of the bronze age system: social, technological,
commercial and climatic change; successor peoples (Aramaeans,
Hebrews, Phoenicians and Assyrians) of the iron age. Sanders.
Fall

*HISTORY 110 (3)-History of Ancient Greece
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. The formation
of the Greek people; dark, archaic and classical eras; Athens,
Sparta and the Persian Wars; conflict among the city states and the
pentecontaetia; Macedonia, Philip and Alexander the Great;
Alexander's successors, the Hellenistic kingdoms and their
relations with Rome, Greece and the Roman Peace. Sanders.
Winter

*HISTORY 111 (3)-History of Ancient Rome
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Early Italy and
the Etruscans; the rise of the Roman Republic, the conflict of the
orders and the political unification of Italy; the wars with
Carthage and the Hellenistic kingdoms; Civil War and the reign of
Augustus; the Imperial peace, the spread of Christianity, and the
problem of decline and fall. Sanders.
Spring

*HISTORY 130 (3)-Survey of Colonial Latin America
An introduction to the "Indian" and Iberian people active
from Florida to California through Central and South America
between 1450 and 1750. Parker.
Fall

*HISTORY 131 (3)-Survey of Latin America,
1750 to the Present
Emphasizing regionalism and social factors, this course
traces the disintegration of Iberian empires in America and the
development of national entities. Parker.
Winter

*[HISTORY 132 (3)-Case Studies in Latin American
Nationalism]
(Spring 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. A history of
selected Spanish-speaking Latin American nations emphasizing
contemporary conditions. Parker.

*HISTORY 133 (3)-Survey of Brazilian History
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. A tracing of the
major social, political, economic and constitutional themes in
Brazilian history, focusing primarily on paternalism and the
organic view of society and the state. Parker.
Spring

*HISTORY 150 (3)-Seminar in American History
for Freshmen and Sophomores
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. An introduction
to methods of researching and writing American history. Class
discussion of assigned reading and term papers. Staff.
Spring

*HISTORY 152 (3)-Seminar in American Foreign
Relations for Freshmen and Sophomores
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. An investigation
of selected crises in American foreign affairs since 1945, with
special emphasis on how five modern presidents, Truman to Nixon,
and their advisers interpreted the responsibilities of the
Presidency for formulating and implementing policy. Topics include
the Korean War, the Cuban-Missile Crisis, the Vietnam War, the
nuclear arms race, the Arab-Israeli conflict and others. Topics
will change from year to year. Machado.
Spring

*[HISTORY 153 (3)-Seminar in European History
and Literature for Freshmen and Sophomores]
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. The study of
society and politics from the Renaissance and Reformation to the
French Revolution. Jarrett.

*HISTORY 154 (3)-Seminar in European History
and Literature for Freshmen and Sophomores
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. The study of
society and politics in 19th-century Europe. Topics vary with
instructor. Cecil, Jarrett.
Spring

HISTORY 190 (1)-Bibliographical Resources
Prerequisite: Permission of the department. Corequisite:
Enrollment in a history course requiring a research paper. An
introduction to bibliographical tools and their use including
finding aids to the historical literature of various countries and
periods. Most class meetings and assignments take place in the
first half of the term in order to permit completion of a
specialized bibliography essential to the preparation of the
research paper in the corequisite course. Degree credit is given
for only one 190 course regardless of academic discipline. Directed
by the Library Staff and members of the History Department.
Fall

EUROPEAN HISTORY

*[HISTORY 300 (Classics 300) (3)-Seminar in
Ancient History]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructors. A consideration of the major Greek and Roman
historians, the influence of various literary and philosophical
conventions on the development of their method and their approach
to selected problems in ancient history evaluated in the light of
modern historical research. Sanders and Taylor.

*HISTORY 302 (3)-Medieval History to 1500
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The world of late antiquity and the emergence of early
medieval culture; the early church, Byzantium and Islam;
technological and social change, feudalism and the intellectual
revival; the beginnings of nationality and the decay of medieval
social and economic institutions. Sanders.
Fall

*HISTORY 304 (3)-The Italian Renaissance and
the Reformation
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. Italian humanism and its influence on the
secularization of thought and culture; the conflict between
republicanism and despotism in Italy; the Church and popular
religion in the late medieval age; the Papacy in the 15th and 16th
centuries; Luther, Calvin, and the Protestant radicals, the wars of
religion and the Catholic Reformation. Cecil.
Fall

*[HISTORY 306 (3)-Europe in the 18th Century]
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The monarchies of the last Stuarts and Louis XIV and
their legacies, the development of the English constitution and
continental monarchies in response to economic changes, social
conflicts, the wars of mid-century, and the challenges of the
Enlightenment. Staff.

*HISTORY 307 (3)-French Revolution and Napoleon
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. Origins and development of the Revolution; Napoleon and
the Empire, some discussion of various interpretations. Staff.
Winter
*HISTORY 308 (3)-Europe, 1815-1871
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The Vienna Settlement and the Concert of Europe, the
agrarian system in Eastern Europe, social and political effects of
industrialization in Western Europe, science and intellectual
revolution, the unification of Italy and Germany. Futch.
Fall

*HISTORY 309 (3)-Europe, 1870-1918
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The development of the industrial and democratic nation
in Western Europe, nationalism and domestic tensions in Eastern
Europe, international relations and World War I. Futch.
Fall

*HISTORY 310 (3)-Europe, 1918-1940
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The failure of the Versailles Settlement, the collapse
of the European economy, dynamic totalitarianism and the crisis of
democracy; international relations and the coming of World War II.
Futch.
Winter

*[HISTORY 311 (3)-Europe since 1939]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The Second World War. The Cold War and Europe's
division into east and west blocs. The revival of western Europe.
Decolonization. Sovietized eastern Europe. The Fifth Republic.
Ostpolitik. Detente. The fading of American dominance in the west.
Emergence of a west European community. Futch.

*[HISTORY 313 (3)-Germany, 1789-1890]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. Struggle for German unification from the French
Revolution through the establishment and consolidation of the
empire under Bismarck. Cecil.

*HISTORY 314 (3)-Germany, 1890 to the Present
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The twilight of the empire under Kaiser Wilhelm II, the
Weimar interlude, the Third Reich of Adolf Hitler, and post-war
Germany divided between East and West. Cecil.
Winter

*HISTORY 315 (3)-Venetian History
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. Foundation of island state, commercial and naval
greatness of Venice, Venetian culture of the Renaissance and
baroque eras, fall of the republic and subjection to Austria,
Venetia redenta. Futch.
Spring

*[HISTORY 316 (3)-Rome and the Papacy
since the Schism]
(Spring 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. Politics and art in Renaissance Rome; Counter
Reformation culture; heretics, Jesuits, and Spaniards in the
16th-17th centuries; the baroque papacy vs. Enlightenment and
Revolution; destruction of Temporal Power; papacy and
totalitarianism in the 20th century. Futch.

*HISTORY 317 (3)-The British Isles to 1399
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. The archaeology
of megalithic, Celtic and Roman Britain; the Germanic invasions and
the culture of Anglo-Saxon England; the Celtic and Catholic
churches; the Norman Conquest; Ireland, Scotland, and the High
Middle Ages; social, political, demographic and constitutional
changes in the late medieval period. Sanders.
Winter

*[HISTORY 318 (3)-The British Isles, 1399-1760]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Lancastrian,
York, and Tudor England; English impact on Ireland and Scotland;
the break with Rome; the Age of Elizabeth; Stuart monarchs in a
century of Revolution; Whigs and Tories in the Great Britain of
Newton, Johnson and the Georges; the Wars for Empire and the
American questions. Sanders.

*[HISTORY 319 (3)-The British Isles since 1760]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. The Age of
George III and the American, French and Industrial Revolutions; the
Scots Enlightenment and the Irish question; Victorians and
Edwardians; the Great War and its aftermath; the contest with the
Axis powers, withdrawal from Empire, and adjustments to postwar,
social and political change. Sanders.

*HISTORY 320 (3)-Imperial Russia, 1689 to 1917
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. From the rise to power of Peter the Great, Russia's
first emperor, through the fall of the Romanov dynasty. Bidlack.
Fall

*HISTORY 321 (3)-Soviet Russia, 1917 to 1991
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The revolutions of 1917, the emergence of the Soviet
system, the Stalinist period, Stalin's successors, and the eventual
collapse of the USSR. Bidlack.
Winter

*HISTORY 322 (3)-Seminar in Russian History
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. Selected topics in Russian history, including but not
limited to the rise of Muscovy, heroes and villains, Stalinism, and
the decline and fall of the USSR. May be repeated for degree credit
with permission and if the topics are different. Bidlack.
Spring
*[HISTORY 323 (6 or 3-3)-Supervised Study in
Russia ]
Prerequisites: Approval of the Foreign Study Committee and
permission of the instructor. Offered subject to student interest
and sufficient enrollment. Students may elect to split credits
between the history department and an approved independent study
with any other department. A period of direct exposure to the
history, language, culture and peoples of Russia. A short training
period on campus will precede residence in youth hostels in various
Russian cities. The program includes supervised academic projects,
lectures by native authorities, and other cultural activities.
Bidlack.

*HISTORY 325 (3)-European Intellectual History from
Renaissance to Kant
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. Cultural and intellectual history emphasizing the
Enlightenment and including such topics as British science,
psychology, and political philosophy; Montesquieu, Rousseau,
Voltaire; Diderot and the Encyclopedie, popular cultural
movements; all studied within the context of social and political
groups and institutions. Jarrett.
Fall

*HISTORY 326 (3)-European Intellectual History from the
French Revolution to 1914
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. Cultural and intellectual history including romanticism
and realism; Mill and liberalism; Darwin, Marx, Freud; the social
novel; conservative movements; popular culture; all studied within
the context of social and political groups and institutions.
Jarrett.
Spring

*[HISTORY 327 (3)-Senior Seminar in
European History]
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Opening lectures
deal with the rise of historical thinking. Thereafter, papers will
be presented and discussions held on such problems as historical
evidence and knowledge, biography, historical forces,
interpretations of history, and the great philosophies of history.

*[HISTORY 328 (3)-Senior Seminar in
European History]
Prerequisites: History 327 and permission of the instructor.
Each student will write a major research paper. Discussions will
center around particular problems of research, documentation, and
writing.

*[HISTORY 329 (3)-Topics in European History]
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. A course offered from time to time depending on student
interest and staff availability, in a selected topic or problem in
European history. May be repeated for degree credit with permission
and if the topics are different. Staff.

UNITED STATES, CANADIAN,
AND LATIN AMERICAN HISTORY

*HISTORY 330 (3)-Colonial Latin America
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. A study of Latin American social, political and
economic history focusing on most recent monographic and
interpretive studies, with emphasis on post-conquest societies.
Parker.
Fall

*HISTORY 331 (3)-Latin American Nations
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. A study of 19th and 20th century Latin American
history, emphasizing politics (especially 19th-century),
international relations and trade using monographic and
interpretive studies. Parker.
Winter

*HISTORY 332 (3)-The Dynamics of Political
Change in Latin America
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. A study of the characteristics and backgrounds of
political leaders in Latin America since independence, how and when
they rose to power, and how they exercised and ultimately left
power. Emphasis on political theory. Parker.
Spring

*HISTORY 335 (3)-Canada since 1837
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Rebellion of
1837: the Union of the Canadas. Confederation: Macdonald,
Conservatives, Manitoba, Riel, the CPR and western expansion.
Ontario's centrality. Laurier and Liberalism. Borden, World War I,
the 1920's, the Depression, and World War II. Evolution of foreign
policy and of welfare state: Mackenzie King, St. Laurent,
Diefenbaker, and Pearson: Canada as a Middle Power. Quebec:
Duplessis, Quiet Revolution, Levesque: PQ and independantisme.
Western growth, oil, resources, and alienation. Trudeau: bicultural
federalism and the Canada Act. Mulroney and Conservatism fail:
Liberal revival. Bloc Quebec, Parizeau and the PQ's second coming.
Porter.
Fall

*HISTORY 340 (3)-The American Colonies,
1605-1763
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. This course covers the political and constitutional,
economic and social development of the North American British
colonies from their founding through the conclusion of the French
and Indian War. McAhren.
Fall

*HISTORY 341 (3)-The American Revolution,
1763-1787
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The political, constitutional and economic history of
the 13 colonies from the Peace of Paris, 1763, through the
formulation of the Constitution of 1787. McAhren.
Winter

*HISTORY 342 (3)-The United States, 1787-1800
Prerequisites: Junior standing, History 108 or 341, and
permission of the instructor. An intensive examination of the first
two presidential administrations including the formulation of the
Bill of Rights, implementation of the new Constitution, development
of Constitutional interpretations, creation of the Hamiltonian
financial system, emergence of the first political parties, impact
of the French Revolution on American domestic politics, and
ramifications of the election of 1800. McAhren.
Spring

*HISTORY 343 (3)-The United States, 1801-1840
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The political, constitutional, social and economic
history of the United States from the inauguration of Jefferson
through the presidential election of 1840. DeLaney.
Fall

*[HISTORY 344 (3)-The United States, 1840-1860]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. An intensive examination of the sectional conflict: the
Mexican War, Manifest Destiny, slavery and the territories, the
abolition movement, the failure of compromise, and secession.
Emphasis is on the study of primary sources and class discussion of
assigned reading. Merchant.

*[HISTORY 345 (3)-Civil War and Reconstruction]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. Secession, the struggle for Southern independence,
state and national problems during the period of Reconstruction.
Merchant.

*HISTORY 346 (3)-America in the Gilded Age,
1870 to 1900
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. A survey of the transformation of American society
under the impact of industrialization and urbanization. It examines
*ow business leaders, workers, farmers, and the middle class
attempted to shape the new industrial society to their own
purposes. Emphasis is given to social, intellectual, and cultural
experiences and to politics. Senechal.
Winter

*[HISTORY 347 (3)-Populism, Progressivism,
and the New Deal]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: History 108 and permission of the instructor.
The objective is to identify and analyze the major political,
economic, social and intellectual changes that occurred in American
life between 1890 and 1945. Machado.

*HISTORY 348 (3)-The United States since 1945
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. An examination of the domestic history of the U.S. from
the Truman through the Bush presidencies. Emphasis on the civil
rights movement, the Great Society, the women's movement, the
decline of American cities and the rise of suburbia, and the Reagan
Revolution. DeLaney.
Winter

*[HISTORY 351 (3)-U.S. Social and Intellectual
History from Colonial Times
into the 19th Century]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The origins of American ideas in Puritanism, the
Enlightenment, the First Great Awakening; the impact of
19th-century democratic ideas; selected aspects of early American
social history. McAhren.

*[HISTORY 352 (3)-U.S. Social and Intellectual History
from the 19th Century]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. Adjustment of American ideas to industrialization and
urbanization; selected aspects of modern American social history.
McAhren.

*HISTORY 355 (3)-The History of American
Foreign and Military Affairs to 1913
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. An examination of American foreign policy from the
founding fathers through the Taft administration, with primary
attention on the rising American empire. The War of 1812, the
Mexican War and the Spanish-American War are treated in depth.
Machado.
Fall

*HISTORY 356 (3)-The History of American
Foreign and Military Affairs, 1913-1975
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. From Woodrow Wilson's to Richard Nixon's response to
war and revolution, with additional emphasis on the ideals and
economic self-interest which have shaped America's foreign
relations from World War I to Vietnam. Machado.
Winter

*HISTORY 357 (3)-History of Women in America, 1609-1870
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. An examination of women's social, political, cultural
and economic positions in America through the immediate post-Civil
War. Changes in women's education, legal status, position in the
family, and participation in the work force are addressed with
emphasis on the diversity of women's experience, especially the
manner in which class and race influenced women's lives. The growth
of an organized women's rights movement comprises an important part
of this course. Senechal.
Fall

*[HISTORY 358 (3)-History of Women in America,
1870 to the Present]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. A survey of some of the major topics and themes in
American women's lives from the mid-19th century to the present,
including domestic and family roles, economic contributions,
reproductive experience, education, suffrage, and the emergence of
the contemporary feminist movement. Attention is paid to the
influence on women's roles, behavior, and consciousness by the
social and economic changes accompanying industrialization and
urbanization and to variations in women's experience caused by
differences in race, class, and region. Senechal.

*[HISTORY 359 (3)-The History of the African-
American People to 1877]
(Fall 1996 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. This course focuses on aspects of the African-American
experience from the colonial period through Reconstruction. Special
emphasis is given to the slave experience, free blacks, black
abolitionists, development of African-American culture,
Emancipation, Black Reconstruction, and racial attitudes. DeLaney.

*[HISTORY 360 (3)-The History of the African-
American People since 1877]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. This course focuses on aspects of the African-American
experience from 1877 to the present. Special emphasis is given to
the development of black intellectual and cultural traditions,
development of urban communities, emergence of the black middle
class, black nationalism, the civil rights era, and the persistence
of racism in American society. DeLaney.

*[HISTORY 361 (3)-The History of Violence
in America]
(Winter 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. A broad survey of the social origins, evolution, and
major forms of extra-legal, violent conflict in the United States,
including individual and collective violence and conflict related
to race, class, gender, politics, and ethnicity, especially
emphasizing the 19th and 20th centuries. Major topics include
theories of social conflict, slavery and interracial violence,
predatory crime, labor strife, and the response to crime,
especially the rise of prisons and a professional police force.
Senechal.

*HISTORY 362 (3)-The Old South to 1860
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. A study of the making of the Old South; slavery;
antebellum political, economic, social, and cultural developments;
the origins and growth of sectionalism. Merchant.
Fall

*HISTORY 363 (3)-The New South, 1877-1970
(Alternate years)
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. Agricultural changes and industrial beginnings and
developments, Jim Crow laws, Dixie demagogues and progressive and
conservative leaders. Emphasis on background of present South, its
opportunities and problems. Merchant.
Winter

*HISTORY 364 (3)-The United States Constitution
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. An examination
of the historical origins and development to 1791 of the Federal
Constitution, including English and colonial backgrounds, state
constitutions, the Articles of Confederation, drafting and
ratification of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. Merchant.
Spring

*HISTORY 367 (3)-Seminar in American Social
History
Prerequisites: Junior standing, 15 credits in history, and
permission of the instructor. An examination of selected topics in
the social history of the United States. Requirements include a
major research paper based on original source material. May be
repeated for degree credit with permission and if the topics are
different. Senechal.
Spring

*HISTORY 368 (3)-Seminar in the
History of American Business
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. An intensive
examination of business since 1865, with emphasis on the rise of
big business and technology, the changing processes of production
and distribution, the revolution in management, and the place of
business in the broader culture. Some of the leading histories and
historians of American enterprise are discussed. Machado.
Fall

*[HISTORY 369 (3)-Topics in United States,
Latin American or Canadian History]
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. A course offered from time to time depending on student
interest and staff availability, in a selected topic or problem in
United States, Latin American or Canadian history. May be repeated
for degree credit with permission and if the topics are different.
Staff.

ASIAN, AFRICAN, AND
ISLAMIC HISTORY

*HISTORY 370 (3)-Australia and New Zealand
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Indigenous
peoples, European exploration and settlement, colonial evolution,
wool, gold, aboriginal degradation, the Maori Wars, social
experiments, urbanization, depression and federation (in
Australia). Constitutional and party history, industrialization,
labor relations, Depression, and the World Wars. Foreign policy,
the welfare state, immigration: postwar South Pacific powers.
Decline of British influence, dealing with America's hegemony,
Vietnam, turning to free markets, the choice for Asia and the
Pacific. Porter.
Spring

*[HISTORY 371 (3)-History of the Islamic
Peoples to 1914]
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. The rise and diffusion of Islam, the Ottoman Empire,
colonialism and nationalism in Muslim areas to 1914.

*[HISTORY 372 (3)-History of the Islamic Peoples, 1914 to
the Present]
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. World War I; the
end of the colonial empires and the successor states; World War II;
the creation of Israel; the Arab-Israeli wars; the rise of Islamic
fundamentalism; the superpowers in the Middle East.

*HISTORY 374 (3)-History of Southern Africa
from the 17th Century
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. San, Khoi, and
the Southeast African background. The Dutch East India Company and
its Cape Colony. British conquest. Boer vs. African vs. British.
The Zulu upheaval, Xhosa resistance, the Basuto and Swazi kingdoms.
The Great Trek and Trekboer republics. From wine and sheep to
diamonds then gold and the Rand. Transvaal autonomy, German
intrusion, Boer Wars, Reconstruction, and the Union of South
Africa. Botha, Smuts, Hertzog, and the rise of Afrikaanerdom. World
Wars, Depression, and Nationalist victory. Afrikaaner domination:
apartheid's tyranny. African nationalist resistance. Nats isolation
and aggression. Apartheid fails: Botha, de Klerk, Mandela, the
African unions, African majority government 1994. Rhodesia:
conquest, colony, and revolution: Zimbabwe's independence: Mugabe's
regime. Lesotho, Swaziland, Botswana: colonies to independence and
after. Mozambique: Portuguese colony, revolution, independence,
chaos. Namibia's struggle for independence succeeds. Porter.
Fall

*[HISTORY 375 (3)-European Imperialism in
East and Central Africa in the 19th and 20th
Centuries and the Successor States]
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. East African and
Islamic origins. Swahili's spread: commerce, the slave trade, and
African imperialisms. Exploration: Livingstone, Stanley, etc. and
the Christian missions. Portuguese, German, and British
imperialism: the colonial era. World Wars, colonial development,
nationalism, and independence. Mau Mau, Kenyatta, and Moi in Kenya.
Tanzania: Nyerere: socialist ideals and economic failure. Zambia:
Kaunda's economic failure. East African holocausts: Uganda,
Burundi, Rwanda, Mozambique. Uganda's recovery. Rhodesia: settler
colony, UDI, revolution, independence: Zimbabwe: Mugabe's
leadership. Porter.

*[HISTORY 376 (3)-West African History]
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Sudanic empires
: commerce and Islam. The Forest States and the European intrusion.
The slave trade, the Niger's fascination, European exploration and
Christianity's spread. Partition and African resistance. Colonial
rule: German, French, and British domination: impact of the World
Wars and Depression. African intelligentsia, nationalism, and
independence. Ghana: Nkrumah's bitter legacy. Nigeria: federalism,
independence, civil war, oil, and the military dictators. The
French Fourth Republic, De Gaulle, independence, French Fifth
Republic's neo-colonialism. Dictatorship, and economic stagnation.
Liberia's progress and destruction. The economic, ecological, and
democratic failure. Porter.

*HISTORY 378 (3)-The Indian Subcontinent:
European Imperialism and the Rise of the
Succession States, 1498 to the Present
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Rise and fall
of the Mughal Empire. The Portuguese, Dutch, French, and English in
India. Indian resistance and the domination of the English East
India Company's empire in India. Bengali renaissance, Reform, and
the Indian Mutiny. The conservative British Raj. The Indian
Congress Party: Tilak, Gokhale, and Gandhi. Congress, the World
Wars, Jinnah and the Muslim League. Divided independence: Pakistan:
creation, dictatorship, division and the Bhuttos. Bangladesh:
deprivation, disaster, independence and poverty. India: Nehru:
democracy, socialism, and Cold War. Indira and Rajiv Gandhi:
dynasty's destruction. Economic reform. Sri Lanka: European
domination, independence, cultural division and disaster. Nepal's
independent dependence. Porter.
Winter

*HISTORY 380 (3)-Japanese Civilization to 1800
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. The historical
setting; the origins of Japanese civilization; Shinto; the
introduction and spread of Chinese influence; the impact of
Buddhism; modification of the Chinese model; the feudal age and the
samurai ethos; popularization of Buddhism; Zen culture; the first
European encounter; the period of reunification; the Tokugawa
political system; Tokugawa culture. Jeans.
Winter

*HISTORY 381 (3)-Seminar on Japan
in World War II
(Alternate years)
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. A study of Japan
in the war including the Manchurian Incident, the Marco Polo Bridge
Incident, the road to Pearl Harbor, the war, Japan's decision to
surrender, the controversy over the role of Emperor Hirohito, and
the occupation and its legacy. Using films, memoirs, and wartime
and later Japanese writings, the period is viewed from both
Japanese and western perspectives. Jeans.
Spring

*HISTORY 383 (3)-Chinese Civilization to 1800
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. The origins of
Chinese civilization; feudalism; classical thought; the first
golden age of imperial China; Chinese Buddhism and Neo-Taoism; the
second golden age; the "great divide" in premodern history; the
civil service system; the Mongol conquest and rule; despotism in
imperial China; "stagnation" in late imperial China. Jeans.
Fall

*[HISTORY 384 (3)-Seminar on History of
Chinese Communism]
(Spring 1997 and alternate years)
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Study of the
Chinese Communist movement (1921-present), including its origins,
the first united front with the Kuomintang, the Kiangsi period and
the Long March, the Yenan era and the Sino-Japanese War, the
Chinese Civil War, and the Chinese Communists in power since 1949.
Special attention is devoted to the roles of Mao Zedong and Deng
Xiaoping. Using films, memoirs, and Chinese Communist writings, the
movement and the period is viewed from both Chinese and Western
perspectives. Jeans.

*[HISTORY 389 (3)-Topics in Asian, African,
or Islamic History]
Prerequisite: Junior standing and permission of the
instructor. A course offered from time to time depending on student
interest and staff availability, in a selected topic or problem in
Asian, African or Islamic history. May be repeated for degree
credit with permission and if the topics are different. Staff.

*[HISTORY 395 (3)-Advanced Seminar]
Prerequisites: Junior standing, 15 credits in history, and
permission of the instructor. A seminar offered from time to time
depending on student interest and staff availability, in a selected
topic or problem in history. May be repeated for degree credit with
permission and if the topics are different. Staff.

*[HISTORY 396 (3)-History of Washington and Lee]
Prerequisites: Permission of the instructor and completion
of preliminary research. An examination of the history of
Washington and Lee University concentrating on the period between
1910 and 1945, and applying interpretations from general literature
on the history of higher education in America. Several papers are
required. During the fall and winter terms prior to enrollment,
interested students should consult with the instructor about their
research project. Sanders.

HISTORY 401 (1), 402 (2)-Directed Individual Study
Prerequisites: Grade-point average of 3.0 in all history
courses and permission of the instructor. A course which permits
the student to follow a program of directed reading or research in
an area not covered by other courses. May be repeated for degree
credit with permission. Staff.
Fall, Winter, Spring

HISTORY 403 (3)-Directed Individual Study
Prerequisites: Grade-point average of 3.0 in all history
courses and permission of the instructor. Limited to juniors and
seniors. A course which permits the student to follow a program of
directed reading or research in an area not covered in other
courses. May be repeated for degree credit each term of the junior
and senior year. Staff.
Fall, Winter, Spring

HISTORY 443 (3)-Honors Tutorial
Prerequisites: Honors candidacy, senior standing. Directed
reading and conferences in preparation for a comprehensive
examination.
Spring

HISTORY 473 (3-3)-Senior Thesis
Prerequisite: Admission to candidacy for Honors in history.
This course serves only as an alternative to History 493 when work
for the Honors program is either incomplete or inadequate. Staff.
Fall, Winter, Spring

HISTORY 493 (3-3)-Honors Thesis
Prerequisites: Honors candidacy, senior standing.
Fall-Winter

-------------------------------------------------
INTERDEPARTMENTAL

INTERDEPARTMENTAL 341 (Psychology 341) (3)- Bio-Medical
Ethics
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. An examination
of the issues arising out of the human impact of modern bio-medical
research and practice. Specific issues are selected from among the
following: abortion, contraception, death and dying,
experimentation/research, genetics-evolution-and the "new biology,"
in vitro fertilization, mental retardation, population, public
health/community medicine, science/technology, transplantation.
Hodges, Stewart.
Spring

INTERDEPARTMENTAL 342 (3)-Legal Ethics
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. An examination
of the issues associated with lawyers' roles in society and their
impact upon and obligations to the client, the court, and the legal
profession. Hodges.
Fall

INTERDEPARTMENTAL 344 (Journalism 344) (3)- Ethics of
Journalism
Prerequisite: Permission of the Journalism Department. An
examination of the moral issues arising out of the impact of modern
journalism and communications. Includes discussion of First
Amendment freedoms, confidentiality of sources, social role and
obligations of professional journalists, and professional
self-regulation. Hodges and MacDonald.
Winter

INTERDEPARTMENTAL 345 (Management 345) (3)-Business Ethics
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. An examination
of the moral and ethical issues associated with management policy
and executive decisions. The course examines the basic approaches
to moral reasoning, macro-moral issues concerning the justice of
economic systems, and micro-moral issues such as the following:
conflict of interest, whistle blowing, discrimination in
employment, product safety, environment, and advertising. DeVogt.

Spring

[INTERDEPARTMENTAL 390 (3)-Christian Social Teachings: A
Sociological and Theological Analysis]
Prerequisites: Junior standing and permission of the
instructors. An examination of sociological and theological
dimensions of Christian social teachings from the New Testament
through the 18th century. Crucial social and moral issues-e.g.,
church-state relations, economic justice, family and sexual
relations-are addressed through reading Ernst Troeltsch's classic
study, The Social Teachings of the Christian Churches. When
offered, this course will be team taught with Religion 305 and
Sociology 390. Beckley and White.

INTERDEPARTMENTAL 493 (3-3)-Honors Thesis
Open only to members of the University Scholars program
completing interdisciplinary honors work or majoring in a
department without an honors program. All departments involved must
review and approve the final thesis.
Fall-Winter

---------------------------------------------------
ITALIAN
(Department of Romance Languages)

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PELLICCIARO

ITALIAN 401 (1), 402 (2)-Directed Individual Study
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Advanced study
in Italian. The nature and content of the course will be determined
by the students' needs and by an evaluation of their previous work.
May be repeated for degree credit with permission and if the topics
are different. Pellicciaro.
Fall, Winter, Spring

*ITALIAN 403 (3)-Directed Individual Study
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Advanced study
in Italian. The nature and content of the course will be determined
by the students' needs and by an evaluation of their previous work.
May be repeated for degree credit with permission and if the topics
are different. This course meets the general education requirement
in literature only when the subject is literary (area 3).
Pellicciaro.
Fall, Winter, Spring

------------------------------------------------
JAPANESE
(Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures)

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ROGERS
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR UJIE

JAPANESE 111-112 (8)-Elementary Japanese
An introduction to spoken Japanese, the kana scripts, and
100 kanji (characters). Classroom drills, written and taped
materials emphasize basic sentence patterns. Daily practice in
reading and writing. Staff.
Fall-Winter

*JAPANESE 261-262 (8)-Intermediate Japanese
Prerequisite: Japanese 111-112 or the equivalent. A
continuation of Japanese 112 with emphasis on the spoken language
and reading texts, and with the introduction of 250 additional
kanji. Staff.
Fall-Winter

JAPANESE 301 (3)-Advanced Japanese I
Prerequisites: Japanese 262 or the equivalent and permission
of the instructor. A continuation of Japanese 261-262 designed to
further develop listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills.
Advanced classroom drills, reading texts, and taped materials
provide systematic practice in increasingly complex discourses and
acquaint students with key aspects of Japanese customs, culture,
and society. Staff.
Fall

JAPANESE 302 (3)-Advanced Japanese II
Prerequisites: Japanese 301 and permission of the
instructor. A continuation of Japanese 301. Staff.
Winter

*JAPANESE 311 (3)-Readings in Japanese
Literature I
Prerequisites: Japanese 302 or equivalent and permission of
the instructor. Advanced reading, discussion, and written responses
to a variety of literary materials, including relevant journal and
newspaper articles. Whenever available, video materials supplement
readings. Staff.
Fall

*JAPANESE 312 (3)-Readings in Japanese Literature II
Prerequisites: Japanese 311 or equivalent and permission of
the instructor. A continuation of Japanese 311 with readings drawn
from traditional and modern poetry and prose. The course involves
a limited introduction to classical grammatical forms, practice in
translation, and further development of composition skills. Staff.
Winter

*JAPANESE 401 (1), 402 (2), 403 (3)-Directed
Individual Study
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor; for advanced
students or for students who have completed Japanese 112. A course
which allows the student to follow a program of directed reading
with a more intensive exposure to kanji than is possible in courses
oriented towards grammar and conversation. May be repeated for
degree credit with permission and if the topics are different. This
course meets the general education requirement in literature only
when the subject is literary (area 3). Staff.
Fall, Winter, Spring

------------------------------------------------

JOURNALISM AND
MASS COMMUNICATIONS

PROFESSORS SMITH, de MARIA, JENNINGS,
MacDONALD, YODER
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR RICHARDSON

MAJOR

A major in journalism and mass communications leading to a
Bachelor of Arts degree requires completion of the following:
1. 30 credits in journalism, including Journalism 101,
201, 203 (Politics 203), and 301, and completion of one of the
following sequences:
a. Print journalism-Journalism 253, 351, either 354
or 355, and either 403 or 453
b. Broadcast journalism-Journalism 263, 361, 362, and
either 403 or 453
c. Communications-three of the following courses,
with at least one from each of the two groups:
Journalism 253, 263, 266, 351, 353, 354, 355, 361
and 362
Journalism 205, 221, 225, 226, 295, 318, 319, 322,
324, 338, and 397