WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY
Changes to the 2001-2002 Catalog
(as of Monday, November 26, 2001)

  by department:

Accounting Geology  Philosophy 
Anthropology German Physical Education
Art History  Physics
Biology  Interdepartmental  Politics
Chemistry  Italian Psychology 
Chinese Japanese Public Policy 
Classics  Journalism & Mass Comm Public Speaking 
Computer Science  Latin Religion 
East Asian studies Lit in Translation  Russian
Economics Management Sociology
Engineering Mathematics  Spanish
English  Military Science Theatre 
Environmental studies Music  University Scholars 
French Neuroscience Women's Studies

Anthropology 290A (3) - The Archaeology of Europe - topical description - Appropriate for freshmen. This course introduces the student to European archaeology, from the first Europeans of the Paleolithic (ca. one million years ago) up until the brink of the Modern World (AD 1500). A number of themes are examined critically, including the evidence for indigenous development vs. the influx of people (migration) and ideas (diffusion); the relationship between environmental determinism and human agency; the role artifacts play in defining ethnicity and/or identity; the dichotomy between communal and individual social strategies; and the relationship between the archaeological and the historical record. In particular, attention is focused on the culture and legacy of such peoples as the Neanderthals, Cro-magnons, Mesolithic hunter-gatherers, Europe's first farmers, Minoans, Indo-Europeans, Greeks, Romans, Celts, and the Vikings, among others. Mathieu

 Anthropology 290B (3) - Experimental Archaeology - topical description - Appropriate for freshmen. This course introduces the student to the anthropological sub-field of experimental archaeology, by focusing on the role experimentation plays in archaeological interpretation, as well as the process of experimentation. Students spend the first part of the term gaining an understanding of experimental archaeology, its history, varying definitions of its practice, and its goals. Different types of experiments are highlighted with a particular focus on the sort of results obtainable via experimentation at a variety of degrees of control. Later, students are presented with case studies of experimental archaeological research, as they research and prepare their own presentations on a specific topic of experimental research. The main aims of the course are to make the students aware of the variety of experimental research being undertaken and to help them develop a critical eye towards the evaluation of experimental results and the usefulness of experimentation in archaeological research. Mathieu

Biology 295A (1) - Punctilious Parasites - topical description - Prerequisites: Biology 112, 182, junior standing or departmental permission. (Punctilious-very careful or exact in the observance of forms of etiquette) This course discusses the parasitic diseases affecting humans and domesticated animals and uses current research papers on various aspects of human medical parasitology. Simurda.

 Biology 295B (1) - Plants in a Changing Environment - topical description - Prerequisites: Biology 112, 182, junior standing or departmental permission. Understanding how plants respond to stress is important in agricultural as well as in natural systems. This course covers molecular, biochemical and physiological responses of plants to natural and man-made stresses. Topics from the primary literature include global climate change, heavy metal stress, drought, and salinity. Hamilton.

 Biology 295C (1) - Experiments in Ecology - topical description - Prerequisites: Biology 112, 182, junior standing or departmental permission. How do you carry out a rigorous controlled experiment when your laboratory has no roof or walls? This course examines hypothesis testing critically in ecological systems by using examples from the primary literature. Hurd.

Chemistry 241 (4) - Organic Chemistry I - Permission required - This is necessary in order to implement the "2.5 rule" which is in effect. (The "2.5 rule" may be found in the catalog in the prerequisites for Chemistry 241.)

Chinese 111-112 (8) - First-year Chinese - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

 Chinese 261-262 (8) - Second-year Chinese - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

Computer Science 101 (4) - Survey of Computer Science - No prerequisites. This course was numbered 111 last year. It is intended as a survey of the field for non-majors who want a course for GE5. We are holding 10 spots for freshmen in the fall. Offered fall term only.

 Computer Science 111 (4) - Fundamentals of Programming I - No prerequisites. This course was numbered 112 last year. It is an introduction to programming in Java and is required for the computer science and athematics majors. Rising sophomores who want to major in computer science or who have an interest in programming should take this course immediately. We are holding up to 30 spots for freshmen in the fall

Economics 296 (3) - Introduction to the Economies of Latin America (taught in Spanish) - topical description - Prerequisites: Economics 101, 102 and either Spanish 162 or 164 and one upper-level Spanish course or instructor permission. This course introduces students to current economic and social challenges that Latin American countries face and to what has been done to address these challenges. The course reviews stabilization policies of a selected number of countries and analyzes structural transformations such as free trade and privatization as well as the recent institutional transformations in financial markets, labor markets and the law. The readings and the lectures are in Spanish. Capra

English 101A (3) - Expository Writing:The Western Tradition: Case Studies for Critical Thinking - topical description - URL: www.wlu.edu/wcb/schools/2/eng/skeen/10/l. This course combines a sequence of assignments oriented towards practical writing tasks with a series of essays responding to case studies in the Western tradition. Course readings include writings by Machiavelli, Shakespeare, Hume, Aquinas, Ruskin, Blake, Wordsworth, Shelley, and Harriet Beecher Stowe, and materials on related websites; classroom discussions will explore these readings in advance of the formal essays. Writing will combine on-line Forum Assignments and responses, and formal essays preparing students for college writing across the disciplines. Keen

 English 101B (3) - Expository Writing: Human Values and World Views - topical description - Beginning with MAN'S SEARCH FOR MEANING, a classic description of the mental experiences of concentration camp inmates, students in this section read two books and several essays about the role of values and world views in human life, focusing especially on the life as college students. Smout

 English 101C (3) - Expository Writing: Supernatural in Literature and Culture - topical description - Readings include sociological and literary perspectives on the paranormal. In particular, we examine ghosts in American works by Edgar Allan Poe, Emily Dickinson, and Stephen King. We also consider how British writers including William Shakespeare, Christina Rossetti, and Alice Thomas Ellis have treated fairy lore. Students generate biweekly papers based on these issues and texts and receive separate grades for revisions completed in alternate weeks. Wheeler

 English 105A (3) - Composition & Literature: Coming of Age - topical description - This course examines a number of literary works that all deal with the process of coming of age -- the fundamental human movement from a state of youth to adulthood, immaturity to maturity, naivete to awareness, innocence to experience. In discussions and essays, we focus on the tensions, aspirations, pains, joys, myths, and realities of this transition. Major questions include: What are the crucial stages involved in coming of age? How do issues such as authority, rebellion, and conformity affect one's coming of age? How does the process differ for men and women? What roles do sexuality and desire play in this process? What larger patterns -- mythic, religious, social, economic -- are reflected in this movement? How is coming of age related to love? to death? What happens if the "normal" pattern is broken? Readings include Swift's GULLIVER'S TRAVELS, selected poems by Yeats, Shakespeare's ROMEO AND JULIET and A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM, and Austen's PRIDE AND PREJUDICE. Conner

 English 105B (3) - Composition & Literature: Literature and the Environment - topical description - This course focuses on fiction, poetry, and drama in which the relationship between human and nonhuman nature is central. The texts treat this central relationship in several different ways, and the selections range from the Renaissance to the present. We read stories by Hawthorne and Barry Lopez; poems by 19th-century Americans like Bryant, Whitman, and Dickinson and by the contemporary poet Pattiann Rogers; and plays by Shakespeare and Chekhov. Warren

 English 105C (3) - Composition & Literature: Justice and Character - topical description - A study of justice as a virtue of character, as the means by which the state apportions goods and punishments, and as the way people seek a good life for themselves and their communities: what motivates people to act justly, what must be taken into account in judging human acts (crimes and punishment, achievement and rewards), the nature and purposes of law (but also its limits), the place of mercy in just judgment, what impels people to wrongfully accuse others, how the oppressed deal with injustice. Literary types: courtroom drama, utopia, detective fiction, anti-police state novel, poems on events in American history. Some attention to philosophical concepts of justice. Craun

 English 105D (3) - Composition & Literature: American or British - topical description - In the 21st century, English Literature has become World Literature in that Literature in English cannot be easily associated with any particular nation or national origin. Authors from around the world, many of whom are not native English speakers, are choosing to write their novels, stories, poems, and plays in English. The older and simpler example of this phenomenon is the standard division between American and British literature in English. This course explores this division, queries the value of considering nationality when interpreting literature, and looks toward the future by pairing a series of poets, prose writers, and playwrights from America and Britain. Authors includes poets such as Tennyson, Browning, Longfellow, Whitman, Frost, and Eliot; novels and prose writers such as Carlyle, Emerson, Irving, Hawthorne, Trollope, and James; and playwrights such as Wilde, Williams, Stoppard, and Mamet. Adams

 English 105E (3) - Composition & Literature: Initiations and Discoveries - topical description - A study of initiations in poetry, drama and short fiction, focusing on experiences involving entry into the world of consciousness, and considering the nature of psychological discovery and the consequences of leaving behind innocence. Representative texts include two Shakespeare plays with videotapes of appropriate scenes, lyric poetry by contemporary and earlier poets, and fiction by authors like Bernard Malamud and Flannery O'Connor. Stuart

 English 105F (3) - Composition & Literature: London Calling: Writing the English Metropolis - topical description - Through readings that represent London across a broad historical and generic range, this course explores the varied imaginative responses to such questions as: What opportunities and challenges does urban society afford? How do "individuals" and "communities" of various stripes configure themselves amidst the boroughs of civic culture? How does "writing" engage with other representational modes in attempting to capture the density and flux of "metropolitan traffic?" In addition to our own responsive writings, readings may include verse by Chaucer, Jonson, Swift, Wordsworth, Eliot, The Clash; novels by Dickens, Woolf, Zadie Smith; and plays by Shakespeare, Gay, Shaw, Hanif Kureishi, Patrick Marber. Wilson

 English 105G (3) - Composition & Literature: Mysteries, Puzzles, and Conundrums - topical description - Melville wrote that "significance lurks in all things." In other words, meaning exists everywhere, but it is hidden and sometimes difficult, even impossible to discover. Upon this belief rests the possibility of mystery --"mysteries" not in the generic sense of stories about crime and detection but mysteries of character, morality, religion, and art. Central to each of the works we read is some puzzle, secret, riddle, enigma, ambiguity, or complexity. (Sometimes the work itself is the mystery, a kind of hieroglyph.) Each reading raises questions about the methods and the limitations of human discovery. Oliver

 English 105H (3) - Composition & Literature: Mountains & Rivers Without End - topical description - Borrowing the title of Gary Snyder's book, MOUNTAINS AND RIVERS WITHOUT END, this section explores the use of mountains and rivers as central metaphors of the human condition. We read a wide variety of literary works, including novels, short fiction, creative non-fiction, drama, and poetry. Representative works may include: MAGIC MOUNTAIN (Mann); CLOSE RANGE (Proulx); A RIVER SUTRA (Mehta); HEART OF DARKNESS (Conrad); APOCALYPSE NOW (Milius and Coppola); MOUNTAINS AND RIVERS WITHOUT END (Snyder); MOUNTAIN RIVER: VIETNAMESE POETRY OF THE WAR YEARS (Bowen, Nguyen, and Weigl, eds.); A RIVER RUNS THROUGH IT (Maclean); DREAMS (Kurosawa); and PILGRIM AT TINKER CREEK (Dillard). Students write analytical, reflective, and creative papers in response to these readings. McClure

 English 210 (3) - Shakespeare - Cancelled

 English 233 (3) - Seminar:  Chivalry, Honor, and the Romance - Newly scheduled course - A study of the romance, the dominant type of narrative from the High Middle Ages through the 18th century:  its orgins in chivalric culture, its explorations of the nature of honor and its relation to moral codes, its narrative structures.  Major varieties:  the great cycle romances about King Arthur and his knights (Malory), the single knight romances (Chretien de Troyes, "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,"  traditional tales of romantic love (Marie de France), Renaissance epic romance (Ariosto, Spenser), 18-century "on-the-road" adventures (Fielding), later burlesques (Mark Twain's "A Connecticutt Yankee in King Arthur's Court") and strains in the novel (A.S. Byatt).    Craun

 English 290 (3) - Seminar for Prospective Majors: Thomas Hardy, Novelist and Poet - topical description - English 290 is intended to serve as a gateway to upper-level work for students who are considering the English major. This seminar offers a reading of selected poetry by Thomas Hardy and close study of his fiction. High Victorian realistic novelist and skeptical modern poet, Hardy bridges literary periods and generic categories. Hardy classified his own novels in the categories of "Novels of Character and Environment," "Romances and Fantasies," and "Novels of Ingenuity"; we read examples of each kind, as well as lyric and narrative poetry from throughout his career. The course emphasizes the process of writing a research paper in stages; a sequence of writing assignments will culminate in a 3500-4000 word seminar paper. Keen

 English 318 (3) - Medieval and Renaissance Drama - revised description - A study of the English theatrical tradition from the religious and civic cycles of late medieval England, through the emergence of courtly and commercial theaters in the Tudor and Stuart era, the closure of London's playhouses in 1642, and the post-1660 evolution of theatrical practices). While the course is concerned broadly with the historical and material conditions through which authors and theatrical companies presented themselves to varied audiences, much of the course centers on Renaissance playwrights often overshadowed by Shakespeare - Marlowe, Jonson, Middleton, Dekker, Webster, Ford.  Tthe course also addresses, more specifically, the ways in which the Restoration theater helped to shape an English dramatic canon by adapting the dominant precedents established by Jonson and Shakespeare. Wilson

French 111-112 (8) - Elementary French - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

 French 161-162 (6) - Intermediate French - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

 French 331 (3) - Etudes thématiques: Images de femmes dans la prose française - 1650-1950 - topical description - Prerequisite: French 273 or equivalent  or permission of the instructor. The course focuses on various representations of women, femininity and womanhood in various works of prose, novels or short stories by both male and female authors, from the 17th century through the first half of the 20th century.  Authors include Mme de Lafayette, George Sand, Gustave Flaubert, Colette, Balzac, Rousseau, Camus. Radulescu

 French 344 (3) - La Francophonie: La condition postcoloniale - topical description - Prerequisite: French 331 or 332 or permission of instructor. In this course, we study the way in which Francophone writers, from Africa, French Canada, and the Caribbean interrogate their postcolonial condition in relation to their colonial past.  What are the vestiges of French colonial domination on their political, literary, economic, and cultural lives?  What transformations have taken place in their societies since the departure of the colonizer? What do such transformations say about the capacity for self-governance? What new relations have since developed between the now sovereign states (or province in the case of Quebec) and the Metropolis?  What  is the nature of such relationships? How do Francophone writers use the French language to their own ends? The course also serves as a basic introduction to postcolonial theory which is one of the most productive avenues of analysis of many modern literary and cultural texts. Authors studied include Maryse Condé, Patrick Chamoiseau (Caribbean), Anne-Hébert, Michel Tremblay (Canada), Francis Bebey, and Ahmadou Kourouma (Africa). Kamara

 French 397 (3) - Séminaire avancé. La nouvelle et les arts - topical description - Prerequisite: Three courses at the 300 level or permission of the instructor. This seminar explores the relationship between literature and other forms of art. We study in-depth French and francophone short stories which have taken music, painting, sculpture, photography, etc., as their subjects, or have spawned reinterpretation by another medium such as film or opera. The course focuses on the historical, social, and aesthetic concerns which shape the exchange. Readings include works by major writers such as Balzac, Gautier, Maupassant, Yourcenar, Tournier, Sebbar. Among the artists studied are the Dutch Masters, Delacroix, Bizet, Jean Renoir, Picasso, Lucien Clergue. Readings, reports (oral and written), discussions and individual project are in French. Frégnac-Clave

German 111-112 (8) - Elementary - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

 German 261-262 (8) - Intermediate - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

History 307 (3) - The French Revolution and Napoleon - topical description - No prerequisites. Origins and trajectory of the French Revolution; the execution of the king and the first Republic; the Thermidorian moment; Napoleon and the first empire. This course integrates social, political and cultural perspectives, and discusses various interpretations of the Revolution. Harsanyi

 History 329 (3) - Ideas into Politics. Enlightenment in Europe - topical description - No prerequisites. The ideas, politics and social/cultural practices of the age of the Enlightenment across Europe. The "new ideas" and the decline of absolutism. The Enlightenment project as gateway to modernity. Harsanyi

 History 453 (3), 456 (6) - Internship in History - Newly scheduled course - Prerequisites: 15 credits in history or in related disciplines (with the department head's approval), cumulative grade-point average of at least 2.750, and permission of the department. An internship in history at a public or private agency or institution culminating in a major project completed in consultation with a faculty supervisor and the sponsoring agency or institution. Because of staff limitations, the department may give preference to history majors. See the department head for details. May be repeated with permission for degree credit for a total of six credits, if the topics are sufficiently different. Staff.

Italian 111-112 (8) - Beginning Italian - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

 Italian 261-262 (3) - Intermediate Italian - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

Japanese 111-112 (8) - First-year Japanese - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term
 Japanese 261-262 (8) - Second-year Japanese - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

Journalism 295A (3) - Reporting on Business & the Economy - topical description - Prerequisite: Journalism 253 or 263. Designed primarily for journalism majors interested in the planned sequence in business journalism. A survey of the resources available to and the articles developed by reporters covering business and the economy. Students develop competence in framing, researching, and writing articles in these areas. Luecke.

 Journalism 295B (3) - Mass Media & Culture - topical description - Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. The impact of the mass media on public knowledge, attitudes and discourse. Emphsasis is placed on the relationship of mass media to other cultural institutions. Current theories of how people use mass media are introduced, and extensive attention is paid to the impact of new media on public consciousness. Appropriate for non-majors. Richardson

Mathematics 101X (3) - Calculus I - reserved for students who have never had any previous work in calculus

 Mathematics 101Z (3) - Calculus I - reserved for students who have had some previous work in calculus

 Mathematics 195 (3) - Special Topics in Contemporary Mathematics: Nonlinear Dynamics - topical description - This course provides a mathematical introduction to nonlinear dynamics, requiring only a knowledge of first-year calculus. The course also considers scientific applications of nonlinear dynamics including hands-on demonstrations. Students acquire the critical skills necessary to actually use nonlinear dynamics as a problem-solving methodology. An underlying principle of this course is that "the best way to learn science is to do science," so the coursework blurs the line between classroom and laboratory experiences and attempts to integrate the two in a manner typical of research science. McRae.

 Mathematics 221A (3) - Multivariable Calculus - freshmen only

Military Science: Any W&L student may enroll in Army ROTC courses for degree credit at VMI. You should sign up for the "ghost" course MS 100, 200, 300 or 400 during W&L registration, depending on which course sequence you will be taking at VMI. No specific REGISTRATION permission is required. These W&L registrations are not graded and do not count toward your term course load. You will receive transfer credit from VMI upon completion of each course with a grade of C or better. Check the  VMI ROTC web page, phone 464.7351 (Ms. Kathy Ruffin) at VMI, or see the W&L University Registrar.

Philosophy 395 (3) - Distributive Justice - topical description - This course examines philosophical answers to the question of how the wealth, income, and other economic resources of a society ought to be distributed to its members. Should the resources of the rich be redistributed to improve the well-being of the poor? Should some people receive more than others, because they need more (due to disability, expensive tastes, or other factors) in order to be as happy as others? Should everyone simply take home whatever he or she can earn in a free-market economy? Proposals such as these, along with others, are developed and debated in the readings for this course.  These include: John Rawls, A Theory of Justice, Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State and Utopia, and Peter Unger, Living High and Letting Die: Our Illusion of Innocence. Eggleston.

IMPORTANT - Sign up for PE class preferences through web registration. Read the instructions on the web! Students may express a preference for up to three skills courses as part of WebRegistration. These preferences are examined only after the academic schedule has been set by the computer. If open and without conflict between or with academic courses, one and only one skills course may be placed in the schedule. Changes or additional sections may be made during the drop/add period. See www.wlu.edu/registrar/regpe.htm for additional information.

Physical Education - The following courses have an additional charge, billed to the student's account after registration:  PE 170 - Horsemanship, PE 178 - Ballet, PE 179 - Dance, PE 304 - First Aid/CPR

Physical Education 120 - Self-defense - Women only
Physical Education 304 (2) - First Aid and CPR - $16 - 1st meeting mandatory
Physical Education 313 (2) - Water Safety Instructor's Course - $50

See the department web page at http://www.wlu.edu/~sports/physed.html for special information about required first meetings and other policies.

Comparative Politics Seminar: Conflicting Factions - topical description - No prerequisites. Open to politics majors and non-majors. Satisfies the politics major field requirement. Covers principles of politics among factions with only partially (not totally) conflicting interests, permitting non-imposed self-enforcing equilibrial outcomes. Syllabus available via mccaughrinc@wlu.edu  McCaughrin

Psychology 395 (3) - Intro to Pediatric/Child Clinical Psychology - topical description - Topics include an overview of the diagnosis and treatment of childhood psychological disorders and the application of developmental psychology, systems theory, learning and behavioral principles to specific medical conditions (e.g., childhood cancer). Sayre

Russian 111-112 (8) - Elementary - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

 Russian 261-262 (8) - Intermediate - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

Spanish 111-112 (8) - Elementary Spanish - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

 Spanish 161-162 (6) - Intermediate Spanish - This course is linked; the second term must be completed to receive any credit toward degree requirements for the first term

Theatre 397 (3) - Seminar in Repertory Theatre - topical description - Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Production of two plays in repertory that examine issues of race both in America as a whole and on college campuses in particular. Ziegler

University Scholars 203 (3) - Human Geography - Newly scheduled course - Course information is available at http://home.wlu.edu/~blackmerh/humangeog/27v.html. This course seeks to develop factual background and information skills to enable students to understand the numbers and distribution of humans, past and present. Human geography is concerned with anthropogenic change: environmental history in which man is the primary actor. Analysis centers on the explanation of patterns in multidimensional landscapes. Data drawn from epidemiology, demography, economics, politics, ecology, technology, social history, and many other specialties may be applicable to the elucidation of observed spatial distributions and processes. Case studies at global, continental, national, regional and local scales address ecological settings, resource allocation decisions, temporal trajectories, and landscape transformations. Students develop information literacy skills across a broad range of disciplines and media, and use the Web to develop and present their own syntheses of data in projects defined by their own interests. Basic training in the use of Geographic Information Systems software supports data analysis and presentation. Students may count this course toward credits required for the general education requirement in social sciences (area 6) but must still have coursework in two areas (e.g. economics, politics, psychology, sociology and anthropology) to meet this requirement. Blackmer, Cooper, Kahn.

Women's Studies: You may contact Professors Domnica Radulescu or Lesley Wheeler for more information.
 The Women's Studies Program is an academic program that bridges existing disciplines, that is based in sound, scholarly theory, and that is quintessentially interdisciplinary. The goal is to expand the areas of traditional focus, thereby providing students with a fresh perspective. Students from all majors are exposed to literature of gender and feminism and are prepared to return to their major courses of study ready to contribute differently. Students gain a new perspective into their various disciplines of study and a new view of their world while acquiring knowledge of a flourishing area of scholarship.

 The Women's Studies Program is not a major. Students identified by the chair of the women's studies committee as having completed the program will have a notation placed on their transcripts at graduation. While only certain regular courses are listed below as meeting the requirements of this program, many other courses across the curriculum study women within the context of the various disciplines and in interdisciplinary ways. Students may petition the program committee to include other relevant courses in the program requirements.

 The program requires completion of 21 credits, including the following:
 1. Introduction: Interdepartmental 120, completed by the end of the sophomore year
 2. Distribution: 15 credits selected from the following, with at least one course from each of the following two areas. Additional courses may be used when the topic is relevant and the Women's Studies Committee approves.
  a. Social and Natural Sciences
   Biology 220, 255
   Management 330
   Politics 350
   Psychology 113, 211, 202, 240
   Sociology 211, 280, 350
  b. Humanities and other disciplines
   Art 311
   English 359
   History 357, 358
   Interdepartmental 101, 423
   Public Speaking 305
   Religion 132, 215
 3. Capstone experience (after the completion of all other requirements): Interdepartmental 396 or another relevant individual study, senior thesis, or honors thesis in the student's major approved by the program committee.